大學英語四級閱讀練習與答案

　　下面是小編整理的，希望對大家有幫助。

　　Americans are proud of their variety and individualty, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform. Why are uniforms so __1__ in the United States?

　　Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more __2__ than civilian***百姓的*** clothes. People have become conditioned to __3__ superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to __4__ more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the __5__ of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What an easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to __6__ professional identity***身份*** than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many __7__ benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.

　　Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of __8__ experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without __9__, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act __10__, on the job at least.

　　[A]skill

　　[B]popular

　　[C]get

　　[D]change

　　[E]similarly

　　[F]professional

　　[G]character

　　[H]individuality

　　[I]inspire

　　[J]differently

　　[K]expect

　　[L]practical

　　[M]recall

　　[N]lose

　　[O]ordinary



 

　　ANSWERS:

　　1.選B***。從文章的第一句they love and respect few thins more than a uniform“他們又無比熱愛和崇尚制服”，說明了制服在美國很受歡迎。因此選項B***popular符合原文意思。選項中的professional “職業的”、practical“實用的”和ordinary“普通的，平常的”都不符合第一段的意思。

　　2.選F***。此處應填形容詞。從more...than civilian clothes可知，此處要填的形容詞意思與civilian相對，說明制服的特點。選項中的形容詞中只有professional“職業的”和 civilian相對的，故F***正確。而pratical“實用的”和ordinary“平常的”意思都不能和civilian對應，故排除。

　　3.選K***。由be conditioned to do sth.“習慣於”可知，此處應填動詞原形。從前面的look more“看起來更...”和後面的tend to“傾向於”可知，這段要說明的是人們的主觀印象，應填入表示“期望***得到***”的單詞，只有K***expect符合原文語氣。選項中get“得到”與上下文的語氣不符合。

　　4.選I***。此處應填動詞原形。從原文中“人們習慣...從穿制服的人那兒得到優質服務。”可知，人們更信任穿制服的人，即制服能使人產生信任感。選項中的動詞原形中只有inspire“使產生”符合文章。

　　5.選A***。此處應填名詞。前面兩句表達了人們對穿制服的人更加信任的意思，那麼對於garage mechanic“汽車修理工”來說，人們信任的是它的技術，而不是人品，故選項中只有A***skill符合原文意思。

　　6.選N***。此處應填動詞。...step out of uniform“脫掉制服”是對護士、警察等來說是......職業身份的很簡單的方式。脫下制服就是失去了職業身份，由此可以推知此處應填N***lose。

　　7.選L***。此處應填形容詞，說明制服的其他有點。從下文“...節省購買其他衣服的開銷，節省洗衣費用，比便服更舒適也更耐穿”可知，制服除了增加信任感還有實際的優點。選項中的pratical“實用的”和ordinary“平常的”，很明顯L***pratical符合原文意思。

　　8.選H***。此處應填名詞。文章手段就說“美國人為自己的多元化和個性化感到高傲無比，然而他們又無比熱愛和崇尚制服”，其中包含制服使他們失去自己的個性的意思，那麼聯絡第一段，此處指出的制服的缺點即為失去個性，故選項H***individuality正確。individuality強調與他人特點的區別，而character指的是個人特定的內在本質。

　　9.選D***。此處應填名詞。前面說制服讓人失去了個性，雖然有很多種制服，但穿上制服的人直至退休都是那件制服，所有是沒有變化的，故此處應填change，故D***正確。

　　10.選E***。此處應填副詞，修飾動詞act。前面指出...look alike,they tend to...，說明此處填的詞和alike意思相近。選項種副詞有similarly和differently，很明顯，E***similarly與 alike意思相近，故選E***。



 

　　Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always __1__ such people, but I also explain that there’sa big difference between "being a writer" and writing. In most cases these individuals are dreaming of __2__ and fame, notthe long hours alone at a typewriter. "You’ve got to want to write," I say to them, "not want to be a writer."The reality is that writing is a __3__, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there arethousands more whose longing is never __4__. When I left a 20-year career in the US. Coast Guard to become a freelancewriter***自由撰稿人***, I had no __5__ at all. What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didn’t even matter that it was __6__and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and feltlike a __7__ writer.After a year or so, however, I still hadn’t gotten a break and began to __8__ myself. It was so hard to sell a storythat __9__ made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write. I had dreamed about it for years. I wasn’t going to be one ofthose people who die wondering, what if? I would keeo putting my dream to the test----even though it meant living with __10__and fear of failure. This is the Shadow land of hope, and anyone with a dream learn to live there.A*** barely B*** genuine C*** rewarded D*** doubtE*** lonely F*** poverty G*** persuade H*** prospectsI*** uncertainty J***impossibly K*** encourage L***awardedM*** alone N***wealth O***cold



 

　　Answers:

　　1.選K***。 此處應填動詞的原形。可選項有doubt, persuade, encourage, 但由always推知，作者是在鼓勵那些想要成為作家的人，而不是懷疑也不是說服，故排除doubt和persuade而選encourage。

　　2.選N***。由空格後的fame可知，此處應填名詞。可選項有prospects和wealth，但由dreaming of 與第二段中The reality is... poor-paying可推知，那些想當作家的人夢想的是金錢和名譽，而不是前途，故排除prospects而選wealth。

　　3.選E***。此處應填形容詞，private, poor-paying一起修飾affair。選項中有lonely和alone,能修飾affair的只有lonely,alone表示“孤獨的”時，通常作表語，故排除alone而選lonely。

　　4.選C***。此處應填動詞的被動形式。可選項有rewarded和awarded,前者可表示“***為所希望的舉動得到的***回報”，後者作動詞時表示“頒發，授予”，故只有rewarded符合題意而排除awarded。

　　5.選H***。此處應填名詞。“當我辭別了我在美國海岸警衛隊20年工作成為一個自由撰稿人時，沒有任何......可言”，可選項有prospects和wealth，但wealth一般指抽象意義上的“金錢”，因此排除wealth而選prospects“前途”。

　　6.選O***。it指代的是apartment building，從had no bathroom可知這個公寓條件很差，選項中只有cold能說明公寓的條件差，故選擇O***cold。

　　7.選B***。“我馬上買了一臺舊的手動打字機，感覺自己就好像是一個......的作家”，由前面提到的to become a freelance writer可推知，此處作者是想成為一個真正的作家，故選項中只有genuine“真正的”符合題意。

　　8.選D***。由空格前的to可知，此處應填動詞的原形。可選項有doubt,persuade,encourage,但由still hadn’t gotten a break"在寫作上還沒有任何進展”，所以此處應理解為他開始懷疑自己的選擇是否正確，故doubt符合文意。

　　9.選A***。that從句結構完整，後面有made，故此處應填副詞。可選項有barely和impossibly，因that引導的從句是對 story的解釋，再由hard一詞可推知，此處應填的副詞應表達肯定的意思，故排除impossibly而選barely“僅僅，剛剛”。

　　10.選I***。由空格後的and可知，此處應填名詞。由fear of failure可知，所填詞應表示不好的境遇，可選項有poverty和uncertainty;又由fear可推知，此處強調的是生活的變化無常，而不是生活的貧困，故選uncertainty。