關於都江堰的導遊詞

　　都江堰位於四川省成都市都江堰市城西，坐落在成都平原西部的岷江上。都江堰是中國建設於古代並使用至今的大型水利工程，被譽為“世界水利文化的鼻祖”，是全國著名的旅遊勝地。下面是小編為大家整理的，歡迎參考!

　　篇一：

　　各位朋友大家好!都江堰被譽為“世界水利文化的鼻祖”，是全國著名的旅遊勝地。今天，就由小夢來陪大家一起暢遊都江堰，瞭解水利工程，祝大家吃好喝好玩好睡好。

　　都江堰位於四川省成都市都江堰市灌口鎮，是中國建設於古代並使用至今的大型水利工程。都江堰是由齊國蜀郡太守李冰及其子率眾於公元265年左右修建的，是全世界迄今為止，年代最久、唯一留存、以無壩引水為特徵的巨集大水利工程。大家都知道二郎神吧，二郎神便是李冰的兒子，由於李冰無子，傳說而來。為紀念父子倆，修建了我們旁邊的這座二王廟，也是觀看都江堰最好的觀景點。今天，我們來一個逆向思維——倒著走。都江堰主要分為三個部分，魚嘴、飛沙堰和寶瓶口，今天，我們先從魚嘴看起。

　　魚嘴分水堤又稱“魚嘴”，因其形狀像一張鱷魚的嘴巴而得名，昂頭於岷江江心，將岷江分為內外兩江，東邊的內江用於灌溉農田，西邊的外江則用於排洪。魚嘴主要起到兩個作用：四六分水，二八分沙。二八分沙是指沉澱在河床上的泥沙經過魚嘴上的一顆顆排列整齊的小石頭，而使其外江的沙佔八成，內江的沙佔二成。這樣，灌溉農田的水就會十分清澈，因為大多數泥沙已被外江排走。四六分水則根據季節的變化而變化，大家請看旁邊的幾個小島，冬春季江水較枯，水流經幾個小島而繞成“S”型，使其主流直衝內江，內江進水量約6成，外江進水量約4成;而夏季雨水增多，水位上漲，洶湧的水勢不再受小島所影響，主流直衝外江，內、外江江水的比例便會自動顛倒：內江進水量約4成，外江進水量約6成。就是這樣的“魚嘴”，保證了當地人民在枯水期的農田用水以及人民生活用水，又在洪水期防範了洪水氾濫的發生，真是功不可沒。當然，沒有幾個小島和百丈堤、榪槎、金剛堤的協助，“魚嘴”也不可能完美地完成任務，這也告訴我們，在生活中，我們也需要朋友的互幫互助。

　　現在我們奔向下一站——飛沙堰溢洪道。飛沙堰具有瀉洪、排沙和調節水量的顯著功能，主要在洪水期將寶瓶口多餘的內江水排到外江，如果遇到特大洪水，它還會自行潰堤，讓江水流入洩洪道，使大量江水迴歸岷江正流，以保證成都百姓不受洪水災害。它的第二大功能就是排沙，當江水疾馳而來，會由於離心力作用形成漩渦，將泥沙或衝上岸，或帶入洩洪道，把多餘的泥沙排入外江去。古時飛沙堰，是用竹籠卵石堆砌的臨時工程;如今已改用混凝土澆鑄，以保一勞永逸的功效。

　　下面就是我們的最後一站——寶瓶口。寶瓶口因形像花瓶而得名，起"節制閘"作用，能自動控制內江進水量，是湔山伸向岷江的長脊上鑿開的一個口子，它是人工鑿成控制內江進水的咽喉。寶瓶口的水會被一分為二，二分為四，四分為八……以此來灌溉平原，送到每一家每一戶去。換句話說，若是寶瓶口被堵上了，那麼60%的成都人就沒有水喝。所以寶瓶口和飛沙堰還真是一對“幫人排憂解難”的好兄弟。

　　都江堰是由三個主要的水利工程組成，如果把都江堰想象成一條魚，那麼“魚嘴”處就是魚的頭，飛沙堰就是魚的身子，而寶瓶口，則是魚的尾巴。都，成都;江，岷江;堰，堤壩。這就是都江堰名字的由來，希望大家記住這個“水利工程的鼻祖”哦。

　　不知道大家玩得開不開心呢。經過一番遊玩，大家的肚子都“咕咕”叫了吧，現在我們就向食物大軍進發!

　　篇二：

　　The Dujiangyan Dam, 45km north of Chengdu, is an ancient technological wonder of the country. More than 2000 yers ago, Li Bing***250-200BC***, as a local governor of the Shu State, designed this water control and irrigation dam and organized thousands of local people to complete the project to check the Mingjiang River.For many years the river,flooded the Chengdu agricultural area and local farmers suffered a lot from the water disaster. Due to the success of the project, the dam automatically diverts the Mingjiang River and channels it into irrigation canals. For many years the dam has continued to make the most of the water conservancy works.

　　Expansion has been undertaken since 1949 and at present the system does a good job of irrigating farming land across 33counties of the western part of Sichuan Province. Local people feel proud of the system becaude it has supported a large amount of people in their daily life.

　　What makes this system so good?

　　The system is a large hydraulic water project which consists of three main parts: the Fish Mouth Water-Dividing Dam, the Flying Sand Fence, and the Bottle-Neck Channel.

　　The Fish mouth functions to divide the flow of water into an inner river and an outer river. Long ago, when Li Bing worked as the local governor of the Shu State, he found the old river canal was too narrow to hold much water, which often overflowed the banks and caused disastrous flood. Based on natural geographic conditions, he organized the people to build a man-made dam. The whole dam looks like a fish, and the front dam has a circular cone shaped like a fish mouth. It is the dam that channels water into an outer canal and an inner canal. The outer water canal functions as the main stream and holds sixty percent of water in the river. The extra water goes through the inner canal for irrigation in Chengdu areas.

　　The Flying Sand Fence joins the inner and outer canals. The fence functions to controll the flow of water and discharge excess into the inner canal from the main stream. During the dry season the fence doesn't work much, but when floods occur, the river rushes forward along the outer canal. As it approaches the fence, the fence,the river begins to turn round fast and soon many whirlpools are formed. The volatile whirlpools sweep away sand and pebbles and, throw them into the outer canal. For many years huge bamboo baskets were used as the fence. They were filled with stones and pebbles. However,at present, reinforced concrete weir has replaced the ancient fence.

　　So now, let's discuss the Bottle-Neck Channel. A trunk canal was cut through the mountain into two parts which link up the inner canal for irrigation. The small part is later called Li Dui, which means an isolated hill. Chengdu looks like a large bottle and the trunk canal between the mountain and the hill takes shape of the bottleneck. The trunk canal technically has two functions: First, it leads the water to irrigate the farming land in western Sichujan; Secondly, the trunk casnal works together with the Flying Sand Weir to keep the flow below a certain point in the inner canal during flood season. Some stone tablets, which stand on the isolated hill, are engraved in Buddhist Sanskrit. The local people hope that the Buddhist tablets can exert the Buddhist superpower to harness flood disaster. For over two thousand years, in fact, the Fish Mouth Water-Dividing Dam, the Flying Sand Weir, and the Bottle-neck Channel automatically work together to control foods and sweep away sand and stones in the main stram. The local people benefit a lot from this project.


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