高考英語完形填空答題技巧

General 更新 2024年12月17日

  應試技巧一:語境資訊解題法: 近幾年的完形填空題淡化了語法結構性的題,選項重在語意干擾,也就是說,對具體的語言知識應該融入具體的語境中去考慮,考生應具有通過上下文提示、暗示或鋪墊,對篇章進行整體上的把握的能力。所以,快速瀏覽全文,迅速領悟篇章主旨,通過上下文語境選擇答案選項乃解決完形填空的關鍵。

  4*** Our __47__ challenge was to keep the rock mixture __48__ enough.

  47. A. next B. first C. past D. previous

  48. A. cold B. wet C. loose D. clean

  【題解:47. 答案為A項。短文前面提到第一個挑戰是發電的問題,那麼接下來的挑戰就是如何保持溫度的問題。48. 答案為B項。從下文提到的灑水車等事情,我們可以判斷出這兒應該是“保持溼度”的語意。】

  5*** … Still others faced the storm bravely, walking miles to get to work.

  I __40__ to be one of people on the way to work that morning. I went from subway line to subway line only to find that most __41__ had stopped. After making my way through crowds of people, I finally found a subway line that was __43__....

  40. A. used B. promised C. deserved D. happened

  41. A. practice B. routine C. process D. service

  …

  43. A. operating B. cycling C. turning D. rushing

  【40. D項。從前面一句話和本句中one of people可知,作者當天上午碰巧也是去上班的人之一;41. D項。從上下文可知,由於風暴大部分地鐵線路停運,所以唯有service符合題意;43. A項。從上下文的語境中我們可知道作者最後找到有一條地鐵線還在營業,operating本身含有“營業的”意思,相當於be on service。】

  6*** After the birth of my second child, I got a job at a restaurant. Having worked with an experienced __36__ for a few days, I was __37__ to wait tables on my own. All went __38__ that first week

  36. A. manager B. assistant C. cook D. waitress

  37. A. promised B. invited C. allowed D. advised

  38. A. well B. quickly C. safely D. wrong

  【36. D項。根據下文“I was allowed to wait tables on my own”可以判斷,作者是和有經驗的女侍者一起工作了幾天;37. C項。從上下文可知,幾天後作者被允許單獨做餐飲招待服務了;38. A項。有下文可以判斷出,她的第一週工作非常順手,沒出意外。】

  應試技巧二:語法結構法: 高考完形填空題基本都是在語境中考查考生對語法知識的掌握程度,單純考查這類題很少。而在完形填空題中考察語法專案的主要是動詞的各種時態、語態和語氣、謂語和非謂語形式等。所以這類題需要考生有較為紮實的語法基礎知識,能夠從句式的結構上辨別出須填相關的關聯詞、連詞、副詞、形容詞或相應的動詞,當然還要考慮到主謂一致的關係等語法知識要點。不過,切記解答這類題,必須是任何空格的語法正確的前提下,再考慮其他方面因素。

  7*** When it was 5:00pm, I was ready to go home. I was about to turn off my computer __49__ I received an email from Garth, my Director.

  A. while B. when C. where D. after

  【49. B項,這兒when的意思是just at the moment, 與前面的when意思不一樣,A項的while無此意,D項的after不符合行為互動邏輯,C項完全是錯誤的。】

  8*** “I have been a soloist for over ten years. __53__ the doctor thought I was totally deaf, it didn’t __54__ that my passion couldn’t be realized.

  53. A. However B. Although C. When D. Since

  54. A. mean B. seem C. conclude D. say

  【53. B項,由第二段的內容以及本句的句意“儘管醫生認為我已經全聾了,但是這並不意味著我的熱情會消失。”,故此處應為讓步狀語從句;54. A項,由句意可知。】

  應試技巧三:復現解題法:這類題多為同義詞、近義詞和反義詞的復現或同義詞、近義詞和反義詞異形復現的形式。這種測試手法主要是考查考生的整體篇章意識和上下文推斷能力。

  9***In particular, there was ***and perhaps still is*** a belief in fairies. Not all of these __21__ are the friendly, people-loving characters that appear in Disney films, and in some folk-tales they are __22__ and cause much human suffering.

  21. A. babies B. believes C. fairies D. supermen

  22. A. powerful B. cruel C. frightened D. extraordinary

  【21. C項,同義原詞的復現;22. B項,異形近義詞的復現】

  10***On August 26, 1999, New York City was struck by a terrible rainstorm. The rain caused the streets to __36__ and the subway system almost came to a stop.

  36. A. break B. flood C. sink D. crash

  【36. B項,異形近義詞的復現】

  11***Garth’s email was short, but I learned more from that __52__ message than I ever did from a textbook.

  A. accurate B. urgent C. brief D. humorous

  【52. C項,異形同義詞的復現】

  應試技巧四:固定搭配解題法:這類題與語法結構題有點類似,但主要慣用搭配,講究詞與詞的搭配,涉及到關聯詞、動詞、副詞、形容詞、名詞和短語等。

  12*** Telling him that he no longer needed to enjoy them but I still needed to write them, I __28__ until the day he graduated.

  28. A. held up B. gave up C. followed D. continued

  【28. D項。由句意可知,“儘管兒子不願意再收到我的字條,但是我依然堅持寫到他畢業為止。”這道題實際上是一道固定搭配題,其結構為not…until,但句中沒有否定副詞not,再則,若A、B兩項短語用於這一結構中須與not連用,故不合題意;C項的followed應為及物動詞,後面需加賓語方可,再則followed在此有歧義,也不合題意,由於continue是延續性動詞,所以,無需否定副詞,在這一固定搭配中只有瞬間動詞才與not連用。】

  13*** He had spent those years well, graduating from college, __30__ two internships***實習*** in Washington, D.C, and finally, becoming a technical assistant in Sacramento.

  30. A. organizing B. planning C. comparing D. completing

  【30. D項。大學畢業之後,又實習了兩個學期,最後在薩克拉門託做一名技術助理。這兒指完成實習,故惟有completing符合題意。】

  應試技巧五:邏輯語氣解題法:這類題主要是通過分了解全文的人物、時間、地點等資訊之後,再分析句子與句子之間的關係,段落與段落之間的關係來解題。這種邏輯語氣主要包含並列、遞進、因果、轉折和委婉語氣等等。這類題的選項多為連詞、副詞或具有連詞意義的各類短語。

  14*** All went well that first week. When Saturday night came, I was luckily given the tables not far from the kitchen. __40__, I still felt it a little hard to carry the heavy trays.

  40. A.Therefore B. However C. Otherwise D. Finally

  【40. B項。從整篇文章來看,在這兒只是一個轉折語氣,表示在前一個星期的順利,在這一天卻遇到了一些麻煩。Therefore是遞進語氣,finally也屬遞進語氣,但表示是最後一步的語氣,多指結論性的行為,不符合題意;otherwise雖屬轉折語氣,但多為推斷或假設否定語氣,而本文所敘述的是真實事例的呈現,所以,惟有however符合題意。】

  15*** He had spent those years well, graduating from college, completing two internships***實習*** in Washington, D.C, and __31__, becoming a technical assistant in Sacramento.

  31. A. hopefully B. finally C. particularly D. certainly

  【31. B項。有上文及全句的意思可知,在這兒是作者六年求學和工作的最後一個環節,表示畢業之後找到了一份工作,從預期上講,應該是結論性的,所以,惟有finally符合題意。】

  在進行有關邏輯語氣題時,必須要符合原文的意思,要瞻前顧後,審慎分析,細心推斷,密切注意相關連詞的連用,注意語氣的變化,應從細節著手。

  應試技巧六:利用文化背景和生活常識解題法:高考完型填空題的命題形式均為獨立的語篇形式,並交織和滲透著各類相關的常識與文化背景知識。這類題主要是考查考生應該把握的英美國家的文化背景知識和生活常識,但是一旦將這些知識放到具體的場合中進行考查時,有些考生可能就不會靈活地加以運用他們所學過的知識。因此在解題時,考生所學的語言知識和其他有關英美國家的文化背景知識在考試中都會發揮重要作用,唯有在無法準確把握語言知識時,可充分利用所學的社會知識和科普知識進行語境判斷。

  16*** Yesterday the sales office rang us to say the car was __23__.

  A. right B. ready C. fixed D. sold

  【23. 答案為B項。依據生活常識,買車前一般要提前預訂,因此這裡的意思是銷售部打來電話通知作者,他們的車已經到了,讓他們前去提車。】

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