考研英語教育類閱讀理解及解析

　　英語類的閱讀理解，我們來看看關於考研的教育型別的。下面是小編給大家整理的，供大家參閱!

　　：HOW TO LURE TEACHERS?

　　Gore says that he'd spend more to boost their pay, Bush that he'd cut through the bureaucracy

　　On this one point George W. Bush and Al Gore would agree: our schools need

　　more Marilyn Whirrys. For 35 years, Whirry has inspired high school students to think deeply about great literature and to use its devices in their writing. She is the kind of teacher that students come back to visit decades later in her classroom in Manhattan Beach, Calif. Last May a national educators' group named her its Teacher of the Year. And with the nation's public schools planning to hire 2.5 million new teachers over the next decade, Whirry is excited that each presidential candidate is pushing ways to recruit, train and reward better teachers. "They're both talking about teacher quality," she says. "We have a real opportunity right now."

　　Bush's plan combines most existing federal funds for professional development and class-size reduction into a flexible new fund for teacher training and recruitment, and he adds $400 million a year in new money. Bush would allow states to spend the funds as they see fit--so long as they establish teacher-accountability systems. This is similar to what Ronald Reagan did in the 1980s. But then, says Emily Feistritzer, president of the Center for Education Information, "the money disappeared." Under Bush's plan, she says, "I worry that the money won't go where it's intended to once it reaches the states."

　　Bush would expand funding from $2.4 million to $30 million for the Troops to Teachers program, which places veterans who want to teach in public schools. The program makes use of people like Arthur Moore, who retired in 1994 after 21 years in the Army and knew he wanted to teach. "There are a lot of people who would make excellent teachers but are discouraged by the bureaucracy of the certification process," says Moore, 45, who began teaching fourth grade in Baltimore and now tests students for special education. "Troops to Teachers is an excellent way to tap their potential by lowering the barriers." Bush would also expand loan forgiveness for math and science majors who teach in needy schools.

　　Gore's plan, endorsed by the teachers' unions, would spend $8 billion over 10 years to help recruit 1 million new teachers, with provisions for college aid, loan forgiveness and signing bonuses. Gore would spend an additional $8 billion to provide raises of as much as $5,000 each to teachers in poor districts that have adopted aggressive plans to improve teacher quality, plus as much as $10,000 each to teachers certified by a national board. Gore would also require states to ensure that all new teachers pass rigorous assessments. Says Feistritzer: "Gore's proposal might be a little excessive in the number of teachers he wants to recruit, but his teacher testing is exactly what we need."

　　~~~~~~~~

　　By Rebecca Winters Time; 11/06/2000, Vol. 156 Issue 19, p88, 2/3p, 1c

　　注***1***：本文選自Time;11/06/2000, p88, 2/3p, 1c

　　注***2***：本文習題命題模仿物件2005年真題text 1第一題***1***，2001年真題text 4第2題***2***和第3題***4***，text 3第1題***5***和第2題***3***

　　1.In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by________.

　　[A] quoting the Teach of the Year

　　[B] citing an example

　　[C] making an assumption

　　[D] posing a contrast

　　2.According to Emily Feistritzer, Bush’s plan might_________.

　　[A] be handicapped by the states

　　[B] give the states too much freedom

　　[C] help states recruit more teachers

　　[D] be too flexible

　　3.The basic problem many veterans encounter when they seek the teaching profession is _____.

　　[A] their lack of training and experience

　　[B] their background

　　[C] that they do not have the making of a teacher

　　[D] the barriers in the certification process

　　4.From paragraph 4 we can infer that__________.

　　[A] Gore’s plan is better than Bush’s plan

　　[B] poor districts will receive more funding from Gore’s plan

　　[C] Gore’s plan focuses on the number of teachers while Bush’s plan on the accountability

　　[D] Gore’s plan gives qualified teacher generous paycheck

　　5.What is the passage mainly about?

　　[A] The competition between Bush and Gore.

　　[B] Two presidential candidates’ plans of teacher training, recruitment and rewarding.

　　[C] The increasing importance of the teaching profession.

　　[D] The differences between Bush’s plan and that of Gore’s.

　　答案：C A D D B

　　篇章剖析：

　　本篇文章是說明文，介紹了兩位總統候選人布什和戈爾各自的教師招募和培訓計劃。第一段提出了兩位候選人的一個共同之處：想方設法招募，培訓和獎勵優秀教師。第二段介紹了布什的新基金計劃;第三段介紹了布什的“軍人當教師”計劃;第四段介紹了戈爾的教師招募和評估方案。

　　詞彙註釋：

　　candidate: [5kAndidit] n. 候選人

　　recruit: [ri5kru:t] v. 吸收***新成員***;招募

　　accountability: [E7kauntE5biliti] n. 有責任, 有義務

　　bureaucracy: [bjJ5rRkrEsI] n. 官僚, 官僚作風, 官僚機構

　　certification: [] n. 證明，證明書;合格證

　　tap: [tAp] v. 開發;利用

　　endorse: [in5dC:s] v. 支援，核准批准或給予支援，尤以公開宣告形式;核准

　　forgiveness: [fE5^IvnIs] n. 免除***債務等***

　　bonus: [5bEunEs] n. 紅利;獎金;額外津貼

　　rigorous: [5ri^ErEs] adj. 嚴格的, 嚴厲的

　　excessive: [ik5sesiv] adj. 過多的, 過分的

　　難句突破

　　Gore would spend an additional $8 billion to provide raises of as much as $5,000 each to teachers in poor districts that have adopted aggressive plans to improve teacher quality, plus as much as $10,000 each to teachers certified by a national board

　　主體句式：Gore would spend an additional $8 billion.

　　結構分析：本句是一個複雜句，不定式to provide raises ….作整個句子的目的狀語，其中包含了一個that引導的定語從句，修飾districts，介詞plus引導了一個伴隨狀語，修飾這個目的狀語。

　　句子譯文：此外，戈爾計劃再花80億美元給採取積極策略提高教師質量的貧困地區每位教師增加5000美元工資，再加上給每位獲得國家教育委員會證書的教師10000美元。

　　題目分析：

　　1. 答案為C，屬推理判斷題。可以從第一句話would agree看出。would是一種虛擬用法，表明這是作者的一種假想。

　　2. 答案為A，屬事實細節題。根據上下文，布什的計劃類似於里根的計劃，當時錢撥到了各州，但最後都不知去向。Emily Feistritzer擔心如果各州可以按照自己認為適合的方式動用這筆資金的話，這筆錢將不被用於最初的目的。也就是說布什的計劃會在州里執行不力。

　　3. 答案為D，屬事實細節題。這一題的答案在文中第三段，退伍老兵Moore說許多本來可成為優秀教師的退伍軍人卻因為the bureaucracy of the certification process而受阻。

　　4. 答案為D，屬推理判斷題。這可以從獲得全國教育委員會認證的教師每人還可以得到1萬美元的提議中看出。

　　5. 答案為B，屬推理判斷題。判斷文章的主旨。文章第一段借用Whirry之口來說明兩位總統候選人都在積極推動對教師的招募，培訓和獎勵政策。接著在第二段和第三段介紹了布什的兩個計劃，第四段介紹了戈爾的計劃，這些計劃都與招募，培訓，獎勵政策有關。所以應該是B。

　　參考譯文：

　　喬治·W·布什和阿爾·戈爾也許會一致同意這樣一種說法：我們的學校需要更多像瑪麗蓮·威爾瑞斯這樣的老師。在過去35年中，威爾瑞斯一直鼓勵中學生深入思考偉大文學作品的意義並在自己的寫作中運用其中的一些創作手法。她是那種學生幾十年後依舊會回到她在加州曼哈頓海灘的教室來拜訪她的老師。去年五月，一個全國教師組織將她評為“年度教師”。現在全國公立學校計劃在未來十年招聘250萬新教師，威爾瑞斯對於每位總統候選人都想方設法招募，培訓和獎勵優秀教師的做法感到非常鼓舞。“他們兩人都談到了教師素質的問題”，她說。“現在正是我們的大好時機。”

　　布什計劃把大部分用於職業培訓和縮小課堂規模的現有聯邦基金和一個用於教師培訓和招募的新基金合在一起，再給這比新資金每年追加4億美元。布什允許各州根據自己認為合適的情況支配這筆基金---前提是他們必須建立教師責任制制度。這與羅納德·里根在1980年代所做的類似。不過那時，教育資訊中心主席埃米莉·費斯特里澤說到：“錢都不知去向。”對於布什的的計劃，她說：“我擔心資金到了州里會被挪作他用。”

　　布什打算將用於“軍人當教師”計劃的資金投入從240萬美元增加到3000萬美元。該計劃把那些想教書的退伍軍人安置在公立學校，並任用像阿瑟·摩爾這樣的人。阿瑟·摩爾在軍中服役21年後於1994年退役。他知道自己想教書。“很多人本來可以成為出色的教師，但由於認證過程中的官僚主義而受阻。”現年45歲的摩爾說道。他最初在巴爾的摩教四年級學生，現在負責給接受特殊教育的學生做測試工作。“‘軍人當教師’計劃可以降低門檻，激發退役軍人的潛能，是非常好的計劃。”布什還計劃增加數學和理科專業出身，在貧困學校教書的退伍軍人的貸款免除額。

　　戈爾的方案得到了教師工會的支援。該方案計劃在10年內斥資80億美元幫助招募100萬新教師，並撥款為大學提供資助，實行貸款免除以及發放獎金。此外，戈爾計劃再花80億美元給採取積極策略提高教師質量的貧困地區每位教師增加5000美元工資，再加上給每位獲得國家教育委員會證書的教師10000美元。戈爾還要求各州確保所有的新教師都能通過嚴格的評估。費斯特里澤說：“戈爾的計劃招募的教師人數也許有點多，但他的教師測試提案正是我們所需要的。”

　　：YES, YOUR RACE STILL MATTERS

　　As students primp and preen to wow their favorite colleges, there's one characteristic they can't control: their race. That's one reason voters, courts and politicians in six states have outlawed racial preferences in college admissions, while other colleges, fearful of lawsuits, play down their affirmative-actio

　　n efforts these days. But make no mistake: race still matters. How much depends on the school and the state.

　　In Texas, public universities have managed to counteract the effect of racial-preference bans by automatically admitting the top 10% of the graduating class of every high school, including those schools where most students are minorities. But Rice University in Houston, private and highly selective, has had to reinvent its admissions strategies to maintain the school's minority enrollment. Each February, 80 to 90 black, Hispanic and Native American kids visit Rice on an expenses-paid trip. Rice urges counselors from high schools with large minority populations to nominate qualified students. And in the fall, Rice sends two recruiters on the road to find minority applicants; each recruiter visits about 80 predominantly black or Hispanic high schools. Two weeks ago, Rice recruiter Tamara Siler dropped in on Westlake High in Atlanta, where 99% of the 1,296 students are black. Siler went bearing literature and advice, and though only two kids showed up, she said, "I'm pleased I got two."

　　Rice has also resorted to some almost comical end-runs around the spirit of the law. The university used to award a yearly scholarship to a Mexican-American student; now it goes to a student who speaks Spanish really well. Admissions officers no longer know an applicant's race. But a new essay question asks about each student's "background" and "cultural traditions." When Rice officials read applications, they look for "diverse life experiences" and what they awkwardly call "overcome students," who have triumphed over hardship.

　　Last spring, admissions readers came across a student whose SAT score was lower than 1,200 and who did not rank in the top 10% of her class. Numerically speaking, she lagged far behind most accepted applicants. But her essay and recommendations indicated a strong interest in civil rights and personal experience with racial discrimination. She was admitted. "All the newspapers say affirmative action is done," says a veteran counselor at a large New York City high school. "But nothing has changed. I have a [minority] kid at Yale with an SAT score in the high 900s."

　　While minority admissions at the University of California system overall have dipped only slightly since a ban on affirmative action took effect in 1998, they have plummeted at the most selective campuses. At Berkeley, for example, the class entering this fall included 608 Chicano students, vs. 1,013 in 1997. In response, the elite schools have moved aggressively to recruit at minority high schools--and even to improve the performance of students who are graduating from them. This year the U.C. system will spend $250 million on outreach, from installing tutors at low-income schools to inviting high school teachers to summer calculus seminars.

　　By Amanda Ripley Reported by Flora Tartakovsky and David Nordan Time; 10/23/2000, Vol. 156 Issue 17, p77, 2/3p, 1c

　　注***1***：本文選自Time;10/23/2000, p77;

　　注***2***：本文習題命題模仿物件2001年真題text 2和2002年真題text 2第2題***5***

　　1.Affirmative action is something ___________.

　　[A] that guarantees students of different races to be admitted equally

　　[B] American citizens fight against because it discriminates minority students

　　[C] colleges take to give preference to minority students in college admission

　　[D] favored by American colleges yet unpopular with American public

　　2.Rice University sent two recruiters to find minority applicants because _________.

　　[A] Rice wanted to maintain minority enrollment

　　[B] minority students have better school performance

　　[C] Rice has a large minority population

　　[D] Rice is famous for admitting minority students

　　3.The writer mentioned Rice’s some comic end-runs around the spirit of the law to show

　　that_____________.

　　[A] Rice abides by the law strictly

　　[B] Rice deals with students in a comic way

　　[C] Rice prefers minority students

　　[D] Rice has its own ways of dealing with the law

　　4.It seems that minority students _________.

　　[A] are still benefiting from affirmative action

　　[B] have lower SAT scores

　　[C] are often admitted by universities because they have unique racial experience

　　[D] lag far behind than other students in school performance

　　5.The word “plummeted” ***Line 2, Paragraph 5*** most probably means_________.

　　[A] doubled

　　[B] risen

　　[C] stayed the same

　　[D] decreased

　　答案：C A D A D

　　篇章剖析

　　本文是一篇說明文，介紹了各大學是如何應對不允許在招生中照顧少數族裔的法律的。在第一段作者指出雖然一些州規定在大學招生中照顧某些種族的政策為非法，但學生的種族身份仍然很重要。第二段介紹了德克薩斯州公立大學的應對策略和私立大學萊斯大學對付這一情況的辦法。第三段介紹了萊斯大學所採用的迂迴策略。第四段以兩個例子說明少數族裔的學生即使SAT成績不高也能上名牌大學。最後一段介紹了加利福尼亞禁止平權措施帶來的影響以及加利福尼亞大學為了克服這些不利影響所作的努力。

　　詞彙註釋：

　　primp: [primp] v. 梳理***頭髮***，打扮

　　preen: [pri:n] v. 把***自己***打扮漂亮

　　wow: [wau] v. 激起熱烈讚揚, 使驚歎, 使佩服

　　affirmative-action: 平權措施

　　counteract: [7kauntE5rAkt] v. 抵抗;抵制;消除，抵消

　　enrollment: [in5rEulmEnt] n. 登記, 註冊, 入學

　　counselor: [5kaunsElE] n. 顧問

　　nominate: [5nCmineit] v. 提名, 推薦

　　predominantly: [pri5dCminEntli] adv. 主要地，佔優勢地

　　Hispanic: [his5pAnik] adj. 西班牙的

　　literature: [5litEritFE] n. 印刷品

　　resort: [ri5zC:t] v. 求助, 訴諸, 採取***某種手段等***

　　end-run: 迂迴

　　diverse: [dai5vE:s] adj. 不同的, 變化多的

　　SAT: 學術能力測驗指代***美國***學術能力測試的一種標誌

　　numerically: [nju***:***5merikEli] adv. 用數字, 在數字上

　　recommendation: [7rekEmen5deiFEn] n. 推薦信

　　discrimination: [dis7krimi5neiFEn] n. 歧視

　　veteran: [5vetErEn] n. 老手, 富有經驗的人

　　dip: [dip] v. ***短時間***降下一點，降低一些

　　plummet: [5plQmit] v. 驟降，爆跌突然和大幅度地降低

　　Chicano: [tFi:`] adj. <美>n.奇卡諾人***指墨西哥裔美國人或在美國的講西班牙語的拉丁美洲人後裔***

　　outreach: [aut5ri:tF] n. 擴大服務專案;有系統地嘗試向一團體的特別部門提供超常規的服務

　　calculus: [5kAlkjulEs] n. 微積分學

　　seminar: [5seminB:] n. 研究會, 討論發表會

　　難句突破:

　　That's one reason voters, courts and politicians in six states have outlawed racial preferences in college admissions, while other colleges, fearful of lawsuits, play down their affirmative-action efforts these days.

　　主體句式That’s one reason…

　　結構分析：這是一個複雜句，reason後面的成分是一個同位語從句，在這個從句裡又包含了一個while引導的狀語從句，表示對照。文中比較難的語言表達是play down和affirmative-action。“play down”的意思是“降低，減少”，而“affirmative action”指的是美國大學為了保證少數族裔的受教育機會而採取的照顧政策，稱為“平權措施”。

　　句子譯文：正因如此，才會有六個州的選民，法庭和從政者將大學招生中的對某些種族的照顧政策宣佈為非法，而其它的大學最近也因為擔心法律訴訟而減少了在實施平權法案方面的努力。

　　題目分析：

　　1. 答案為C，屬推理判斷題。根據第一段中的上下文，美國六個州制定法律，規定“racial preferences in college admissions”為非法，繼而說美國的學校為了免於訴訟就減少了“affirmation action”的努力，可見“affirmation action”應該是指在大學入學方面給與少數民族學生的照顧政策。

　　2. 答案為A，屬事實細節題。第二段第四行講述了Rice University不得不重新制定策略“to maintain the school’s minority enrollment”，下面派招生員到各處招收少數族裔申請者則是實現這一目的的一個方式。可見答案是A。

　　3. 答案為D，屬推理判斷題。文章第二段提到Rice University為了應對新法律不得不重新制定策略來保證學校少數族裔學生入學。接著在第三段中舉了三個根法律玩擦邊球的例子：把原來給墨西哥裔學生的年度獎學金變成給西班牙語流利的學生***墨西哥裔學生的母語多位西班牙語***;雖然不知道申請人的種族，但申請者要回答的論文問題卻是“背景”和“文化傳統”，而且招生人員看重的是“不同的體驗”和“克服困難”的學生***少數族裔學生通過回答這些問題就可以輕易地讓招生人員把他們挑出來***。可見Rice大學自有一套對付法律的辦法。

　　4. 答案為A，屬推理判斷題。第四段舉了兩個大學入學考試成績不高但依然被錄取的少數族裔學生的例子，接著引用一位中學顧問的話：“所有的報紙都說平權措施***affirmative action***要過時了，但一切都是老樣子。”來說明少數族裔的學生依然從平權措施中受益。

　　5. 答案為D，屬猜詞題。這個詞的意思可以從下文中給出的例子猜測出來。文中說：以伯克利為例，今年秋季入學的班級有608名奇卡諾裔學生，而在1997年，這個數字是1013人。可見少數族裔的入學人數是大幅下降了。

　　參考譯文：

　　當學生們為了給自己喜愛的學校留下好印象而打扮修飾的時候，有一點卻是他們無法控制的：那就是他們的種族身份。正因如此，才會有六個州的選民，法庭和從政者將大學招生中的對某些種族的照顧政策宣佈為非法，而其它的大學最近也因為擔心法律訴訟而減少了在實施平權措施方面的努力。但別弄錯了：種族身份仍然很重要。到底有多重要則因學校和州而異。

　　在德克薩斯州，公立大學通過自動錄取各個中學畢業班成績在前10%的學生，包括那些以少數族裔為主的學校的學生來抵消禁止照顧某些種族所產生的影響。但休斯敦的私立大學萊斯大學對學生的挑選比較嚴格，因而不得不重新制定其招生方針以保持學校少數民族學生的入學情況。每年二月，80到90名黑人，西班牙裔和印第安人兒童會免費參觀萊斯。萊斯鼓勵少數民族學生較多的中學的顧問提名合格的學生。今年秋季，萊斯還派了兩名招生員到外地尋找少數族裔的申請人;每一名招生員走訪了將近80所以黑人和西班牙裔學生為主的中學。兩星期前，萊斯的招生員塔瑪拉·塞勒順便走訪了亞特蘭大市的西湖中學，該校1296名學生中99%都是黑人。塞勒帶著印刷品和建議去到那所學校，雖然只有兩個孩子露面，她仍然說：“我很高興我招到了兩個”

　　萊斯大學還採取了一些可笑的迂迴手段來應對這條法律。 這所大學以前每年都會給一位墨西哥裔美國學生授予年度獎學金;現在的要求則是能夠說一口流利的西班牙語。招生官員再也無從知道申請人的種族身份。但一個新的考試題目問及每個學生的“背景”和“文化傳統”。當萊斯的官員閱讀申請書的時候，他們尋找的是“不同的生活體驗”以及被他們笨拙地稱為“克困學生”的那些成功克服困難的學生。

　　去年春天，閱讀招生資訊的讀者發現有一個學生的SAT***學術能力測驗***成績低於1200分，而且她也不在班裡的前10%之列。如果按排序的話，她比大部分已經被接受的申請人的成績要差很多。但她的論文和推薦信表明她對於民權有著濃厚的興趣，而且還親身經歷過種族歧視。最後她被錄取了。“所有的報紙都說平權措施要過時了，”來自一所規模較大的紐約市中學的一位資深顧問說道。“但一切都是老樣子。我知道一個[少數族裔]學生上了耶魯，SAT成績也就900多分。”

　　自從1998年開始禁止平權措施以來，加利福尼亞大學少數族裔的整體錄取情況只是略有下降，儘管如此，他們在淘汰率高的校區卻下降較多。以伯克利為例，今年秋季入學的班級有608名奇卡諾裔學生，而在1997年，這個數字是1013人。為了應對這一情況，那些主力學院都開始積極在少數民族中學招生---甚至還積極幫助那些從這類學校畢業的學生提高學習成績。今年加利福尼亞大學將會花2.5億美元系統地擴大服務專案，從在低收入學校安排指導教師到邀請中學老師參加夏季微積分研討會等不一而足。

　　：A LAPTOP FOR EVERY KID

　　More schools are convinced they're worth the cost

　　Carmen Arace Middle School is situated in the pastoral town of Bloomfield, Conn., but four years ago it faced many of the same challenges as inner-city sc

　　hools in nearby Hartford: low scores on standardized tests, dropping enrollment and high rates of detention. Then the school's hard-driving principal, Delores Bolton, persuaded her board to shake up the place by buying a laptop computer for each student and teacher to use, in school and at home. For good measure, the board provided wireless Internet access at school. Total cost: $2.5 million.

　　Now, an hour before classes start, every seat in the library is taken by students eager to get online. Fifth-grade teacher Jen Friday talks about sedimentary rocks as students view them at a colorful website. After school, students on buses pull laptops from backpacks to get started on homework. Since the computers arrived, enrollment is up 20%. Disciplinary suspensions are down 80%. Scores on state achievement tests are up 35%. Bolton, who is black, is proud to run "a school with 90% black enrollment that is on the cutting edge."

　　Indeed, school systems in rural Maine and New York City are eager to follow Arace Middle School's example. Governor Angus King has proposed using $50 million from an unexpected budget surplus to buy a laptop for all of Maine's 17,000 seventh-graders--and for new seventh-graders each fall. The funds would create a permanent endowment whose interest would help buy the computers. The plan, scaled back to $30 million in a compromise with the legislature, is scheduled to be voted on this week.

　　In the same spirit, the New York City board of education voted unanimously on April 12 to create a school Internet portal, which would make money by selling ads and licensing e-commerce sites. The portal will also provide e-mail service for the city's 1.1 million public school students. Profits will be used to buy laptops for each of the school system's 87,000 fourth-graders. Within nine years, all students in grades 4 and higher will have their own computers.

　　Back in Bloomfield, the school board is seeking federal grant money to expand its laptop program to high school students. In the meantime, most of the kinks have been worked out. Some students were using their computers to goof off or visit unauthorized websites. But teachers have the ability to track where students have been on the Web and to restrict them. "That is the worst when they disable you," says eighth-grade honors student Jamie Bassell. "You go through laptop withdrawal." The habit is rubbing off on parents. "I taught my mom to use e-mail," says another eighth-grader, Katherine Hypolite. "And now she's taking computer classes. I'm so proud of her!"

　　~~~~~~~~

　　By Ellin Martens, Bloomfield Time; 05/01/2000, Vol. 155 Issue 18, p57, 2/3p, 2c

　　注***1***：本文選自Time;05/01/2000, p57;

　　注***2***：本文習題命題模仿物件是1994年真題text4***1，2，3，4題***和text3第4題***第5題***;

　　1.The example of Carmen Arace Middle School in the text is used to ___________.

　　[A] show the challenges schools are faced with today

　　[B] prove that a school with high black enrollment can do well

　　[C] emphasize the importance of computers and the Internet in modern education

　　[D] indicate that laptops can help improve students’ school performance

　　2.According to the author, students in New York City’s public schools will ___________.

　　[A] all have their own laptops within nine years

　　[B] become more interested in their class activities with the application of laptop

　　[C] spend more time visiting unauthorized websites with the expansion of the laptop program

　　[D] enjoy e-mail service provided by the city’s school system in the near future.

　　3.By introducing the laptop program, Delore Bolton has ______________.

　　[A] shaken the beliefs of both teachers’ and students’

　　[B] witnessed a remarkable improvement in enrollment and students’ test scores

　　[C] found herself followers all over the country

　　[D] revolutionized class-room teaching in public schools

　　4.The word “kink” ***line 2, paragraph 4*** most probably means ______________.

　　[A] plan

　　[B] method

　　[C] problem

　　[D] process

　　5.From the passage we learn that __________________.

　　[A] the laptop program also has a positive influence on parents

　　[B] the laptop program in public schools is sponsored mainly by endowment

　　[C] a school Internet portal is the key to a laptop program

　　[D] students generally like the idea of having their online activities tracked

　　DDBCA

　　篇章剖析：

　　本篇文章是一篇說明文，介紹了美國的一些學校給學校師生配置膝上型電腦，引入網路教學的情況。文章一開始就引用卡曼·阿雷斯中學在引入膝上型電腦和網路教學之後發生的積極變化，以此說明這種做法值得嘗試。接下來在第三段和第四段介紹了緬因州和紐約市的類似做法。最後一段介紹了教師如何確保學生將這一資源用於學習，以及這一舉措的衍生價值：對家長產生積極的影響。

　　詞彙註釋：

　　detention: [di5tenFEn] n. 阻止, 滯留

　　laptop: [5lAptCp] n. 行動式電腦

　　sedimentary: [sedI5mentErI] adj. 沉澱性的;沖積成的

　　backpack: [5bAkpAk] n. 揹包，背囊

　　disciplinary:[5disiplinEri] adj. 紀律的，執行紀律的

　　suspension: [sEs5penFEn] n. 暫停, 中止

　　surplus: [5sE:plEs] n. 盈餘;餘款

　　endowment:[in5daumEnt] n. 資助，捐贈

　　scale:[skeil] v. ***與up, down連用***按比例逐步增加; 按比例逐步減少

　　unanimously: [ju***:***5nAnimEsli] adv. 全體一致地,無異議地

　　portal: [5pC:tEl] n. ***計***門戶

　　license: [5laIsEns] v. 准許;發給執照;批准

　　e-commerce: 電子商務

　　kink: [kiNk] n. ***計劃，系統中的***小問題

　　goof off：打發時間

　　unauthorized: [5Qn5C:WEraizd] adj. 未被授權的, 未經認可的

　　rub off on: ***感情，習慣或者某種特點***感染，影響他人

　　難句突破

　　Then the school's hard-driving principal, Delores Bolton, persuaded her board to shake up the place by buying a laptop computer for each student and teacher to use, in school and at home.

　　主體句式：the school's … principal persuaded her board to …

　　結構分析：這一句是個簡單句，容易造成理解困難的是hard-driving這個單詞和shake up the place這個短語。hard-driving用於指人的作風“強硬”，shake up the place的意思是：“令這個地方震動”，說明這一措施非常大膽。

　　句子譯文：後來該校作風強硬的校長德洛麗斯·博爾頓說服校董事會給每個學生和老師購置一臺膝上型電腦供他們使用，這一舉措在當地引起了不小的震動。

　　題目分析：

　　1. 答案為D，屬推理判斷題。從文中第二段引用的一系列數字可以看出，引入膝上型電腦和網際網路以後，該校教育質量有了顯著提高。所以該校的例子是為了說明膝上型電腦有助於提高學生的成績。

　　2. 答案為D，屬事實細節題。這可以從第四段“The portal will also provide e-mail service for the city's 1.1 million public school students.”裡得知。

　　3. 答案為B，屬事實細節題。第一段裡的shake up the place指她的提議在當地引起了震動，第二段就以具體數字說明學生入學率增加和測試成績提高的事實。

　　4. 答案為C，屬推理判斷題。聯絡上下文，work out the kink，work out的意思是“解決, 設計出, 作出, 計算出”等，最貼近的意義應該是“問題”。

　　5. 答案為A，屬推理判斷題。這可以從文章最後一段“The habit is rubbing off on parents”可知。sth. rubs off on sb.的意思是“感染，影響”。下文從一句學生談及她母親上電腦班的感受”I am so proud of her”可知這種影響是積極的影響。

　　參考譯文

　　卡曼·阿雷斯中學位於辛辛那提州的寧靜小鎮布盧姆菲爾德，但四年前它面臨著許多與附近哈特福德市市區學校同樣的問題：標準化考試成績較差，入學率連年下降，留級率居高不下。後來該校作風強硬的校長德洛麗斯·博爾頓說服校董事會給每個學生和老師購置一臺膝上型電腦供他們使用，這一舉措在當地引起了不小的震動。此外，校董事會還為學校提供了無線上網的便利條件。總耗資為250萬美元。

　　現在，在上課前一小時，圖書館裡就坐滿了想要上網的學生。五年級教師詹在星期五的課上討論沉積岩，與此同時學生們在一個內容豐富的網站上觀看沉積岩。下課後，坐上公交車的學生就把膝上型電腦從揹包裡拿出來，開始做作業。自從有了電腦以後，學校的入學率上升了20%，留級率下降了80%。參加全州水平考試的成績也提高了35%。博爾頓這位黑人校長對於能夠管理一所“黑人入學率高達90%，教育質量領先的學校”感到自豪。

　　的確，緬因州和紐約市的農村地區的學校都很渴望採用卡曼·阿雷斯中學的做法。州長安格斯·金已經提議從意外增加的預算盈餘中撥出500萬美元給所有緬因州17000名七年級學生---以及每年秋季升入七年級的新生購置一臺膝上型電腦。這些資金將會形成一種專門幫助購置電腦的永久資助。這一計劃最終在和立法機關達成的妥協意見中被減少到300萬美元，本週將對這一計劃進行投票表決。

　　出於同樣的想法，紐約市教育局在4月12日一致投票同意建立一個學校網際網路門戶，其收益將通過銷售廣告和特許電子商務網站的方式獲得。這一門戶還能為城裡的110萬公辦中學的學生提供***服務。門戶利潤將被用來給該教育系統內87000名四年級學生每人購置一臺膝上型電腦。在九年之內，所有四年級和更高年級的學生都將擁有他們自己的電腦。

　　在布盧姆菲爾德，校董事會正在尋求聯邦津貼以使膝上型電腦專案也能覆蓋到中學生。與此同時，操作指南的大部分內容也已經做出來了。一些學生曾經用電腦訪問未授權網站來打發時間。不過教師可以跟蹤學生的網上活動並對他們進行限制。“最糟糕的就是他們讓你無法訪問這些網站，”八年級優秀生傑米·巴塞爾說。“你經歷的是膝上型電腦上的撤退。”這種習慣還能對家長產生影響。“我教媽媽使用***，”另一位八年級學生凱瑟琳·海珀萊特說道。“現在她正在學習電腦課程。我真為她驕傲!”

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