考研英語經濟類閱讀理解專項訓練及參考答案

　　對於我們而言，考研英語的複習，閱讀理解只是其中一塊，而這一小塊中又有經濟教育等的分類複習。下面是小編給大家整理的考研英語經濟類閱讀理解專項訓練及答案，供大家參閱!

　　考研英語經濟類閱讀理解專項訓練及答案：ONE STEP FORWARD ONE STEP BACK

　　At last, GM bags Daewoo Motor. But Hynix eludes capture

　　THE government is desperate to sell the most troubled of South Korea's big companies to foreigners. This, ministers believe, is the best way to accelerate

　　the corporate restructuring begun in the wake of the Asian financial crisis in 1997, and to clear the way for more sustainable economic growth. This week, after months of on-off talks with foreign suitors, the government's plans moved a big step forward, and then an equally big step back.

　　On April 30th General Motors ***GM*** signed a contract to buy the bankrupt Daewoo Motor. But on the same day, the board of Hynix, a cash-strapped memory-chip giant, shocked the markets by rejecting a proposed takeover by Micron Technology, an American competitor. Micron had offered to pay about $3.4 billion for Hynix's core memory business, and to take a minority stake in the non-memory arm. Analysts predict that the government will put pressure on creditors to rescue a deal with Micron or seek a new buyer, as liquidation is too risky to contemplate in an election year.

　　GM's deal with Daewoo Motor marks the end of an even longer and more painful process. Ford almost bought the car maker two years ago, but pulled out after deciding that Daewoo would be too hard to turn round. GM had been talking with Daewoo for over a year. It has agreed to buy two of the company's four domestic car plants, a factory in Vietnam, a parts unit in the Netherlands and nine overseassales arms ***all in Europe except one, in Puerto Rico of all places***. Between them, the two domestic factories can churn out a combined 530,000 cars and 30,000 commercial vehicles a year.

　　GM has struck a good deal. Together with various undisclosed partners, it will hold a 67% stake in a new company, tentatively named GM-Daewoo. The American car maker will pay $251m for its own stake of 42%, but it will also assume $573m of Daewoo Motor's debts. The acquisition is a key part of GM's global expansion. The company has been trying to strengthen its foothold in Asia for some time. Buying a presence in South Korea was seen as particularly urgent, since imports account for only 3% of the 1.5m cars sold in the country each year. GM hopes to use Daewoo's production lines to make budget cars that will be sold under the Daewoo brand in most markets.

　　But GM has much work to do to rebuild Daewoo's damaged brand image and domestic market share, which hovers around 10% after reaching a high of 37% in 1998. GM has to fill holes in product lines by introducing sport-utility and multi-purpose vehicles, says Nick Reilly, former chief executive of Vauxhall, GM's British subsidiary, and chief-executive-designate of GM-Daewoo now that he has sealed the deal. His management team can expect trouble from South Korea's aggressive unions along the way. In a sign of things to come, the signing ceremony was moved to a secret location after a group of union activists occupied the hotel where it was due to take place.

　　Economist; 5/4/2002, Vol. 363 Issue 8271, p61, 1/2p, 1c

　　注***1***：本文選自Economist; 5/4/2002, p61, 1/2p, 1c;

　　注***2***：本文習題命題模仿物件2004年真題Text 1;

　　1.Why does South Korea’s government want to sell its companies to foreigners?

　　[A]The companies cannot survive the Asian financial crisis.

　　[B]The companies can never be rescued.

　　[C]It can do much good to the development of the economy.

　　[D]It is troublesome to run the big companies.

　　2.Which of the following can be the main advantage of the buying of Daewoo Motor by GM?

　　[A]It is a big step toward GM’s global expansion.

　　[B]It satisfies the need of the domestic markets.

　　[C]It holds the majority shares of Daewoo Motor.

　　[D]It can control the Asian market.

　　3.What kind of action will the government possibly take for Hynix’s refusal?

　　[A]timely

　　[B]indignant

　　[C]indifferent

　　[D]positive

　　4.Why did Ford give up the acquisition of Daewoo Motor?

　　[A]It is difficult to be handed over to Ford.

　　[B]It is difficult to be changed for better.

　　[C]It is difficult to ask for agreement.

　　[D]It is difficult to realize the tricky terms.

　　5.Which of the following is not true according to the last paragraph?

　　[A]The image of Daewoo Motor has been greatly damaged.

　　[B]There is no progress in the domestic market share of Daewoo since 1998.

　　[C]The acquisition is quite popular with the Koreans.

　　[D]The Korean reaction is within the management team’s expectation.

　　答案：CADBC

　　篇章剖析

　　本文介紹了韓國政府因為想加快經濟復甦，而極力向外國人推銷南韓最混亂不堪、千瘡百孔的大公司。在這個過程中，通用公司終於盤到了大宇汽車公司，但Hynix卻避開了被收購的命運。文章詳細介紹了通用公司的收購情況。第一段指出韓國政府因為想加快經濟復甦，而極力向外國人推銷南韓最混亂不堪、千瘡百孔的大公司;第二段指出韓國政府的計劃向前進了一大步，隨之又後退了相同的一大步;第三段指出通用公司對大宇公司的收購情況;第四段指出這一收購對通用公司的意義;第五段指出通用公司在收購之後所面臨的工作和任務。

　　詞彙註釋

　　bag vt. 裝入袋中;獵獲，捕獲，奪取;佔***位置***

　　in the wake of adv.尾隨, 緊跟, 仿效

　　stake [steik] n. ***下在投機生意上的***股本[份]

　　churn out ***以自動方式***大量產出

　　designate adj. ***官職***已任命但還未就職的

　　presence 可見物體，有形物體，此處指現有的公司或設施

　　難句突破

　　1.This, ministers believe, is the best way to accelerate the corporate restructuring begun in the wake of the Asian financial crisis in 1997, and to clear the way for more sustainable economic growth.

　　主體句式：this is the best way to accelerate … and to clear the way …

　　結構分析：本句是一個簡單句。“ministers believe”是插入語;“begin”在句中的詞性是及物動詞，用做被動語態;片語“in the wake of”的意思是“尾隨, 緊跟”;“to accelerate”和“to clear the way”都是不定式短語做定語。

　　句子譯文：政府部長們相信，這是加快始於1997亞洲金融危機之後的公司結構調整、為經濟更有效地可持續增長掃清道路的最好方式。

　　2.GM has to fill holes in product lines by introducing sport-utility and multi-purpose vehicles, says Nick Reilly, former chief executive of Vauxhall, GM's British subsidiary, and chief-executive-designate of GM-Daewoo now that he has sealed the deal.

　　主體句式：Nick Reilly says …

　　結構分析：本句並不難，關鍵是理解Nick Reilly的頭銜。“former chief executive of Vauxhall, GM's British subsidiary, and chief-executive-designate of GM-Daewoo”是“Nick Reilly”的同位語，意思是“通用汽車公司英國子公司Vauxhall跑車部前任執行長、目前已被任命但尚未上任的通用-大宇公司執行長”;“now that”的意思是“既然, 由於”。

　　句子譯文：通用汽車公司英國子公司Vauxhall跑車部前任執行長、目前已被任命但尚未上任的通用-大宇公司執行長尼克•賴利認為，因為已最終敲定這筆交易，所以通用公司須通過引進運動賽車或多功能汽車來填補生產線方面的空缺。

　　題目分析

　　1.答案為C，屬事實細節題。原文對應資訊是：“This, ministers believe, is the best way to accelerate the corporate restructuring begun in the wake of the Asian financial crisis in 1997, and to clear the way for more sustainable economic growth.。”

　　2.答案為A，屬事實細節題。原文對應資訊是：“The acquisition is a key part of GM's global expansion.”

　　3.答案為D ，屬推理判斷題。原文對應資訊是：“the government will put pressure on creditors to rescue a deal with Micron or seek a new buyer, as liquidation is too risky to contemplate in an election year.” 因為大選年進行清算風險太大，後果難以預料，所以政府將對債權人施加壓力以拯救與美光公司的這筆交易，或者另闢蹊徑，尋找別的買主。從這裡我們可看出政府將會採取積極措施。

　　4.答案為B，屬事實細節題。原文對應資訊是：“Ford almost bought the car maker two years ago, but pulled out after deciding that Daewoo would be too hard to turn round.”理解這句話的關鍵在與片語“pull out”***其含義是“退縮;從某種境況或承諾中撤出”***和“turn round”***其含義是“轉身,轉變”***。

　　5.答案為C，屬事實細節題。選項A、B、D在文章中都可找到對應資訊。文章最後提到“His management team can expect trouble from South Korea's aggressive unions along the way. In a sign of things to come, the signing ceremony was moved to a secret location after a group of union activists occupied the hotel where it was due to take place.”，我們可看出並不是所有人都贊同通用公司對大宇公司的收購的，因此選項C是錯誤的。

　　參考譯文

　　進一步，退一步

　　通用公司終於盤到了大宇汽車公司，但Hynix卻避開被收購的命運

　　韓國政府想極力向外國人推銷南韓最混亂不堪、千瘡百孔的大公司。政府部長們相信，這是加快始於1997亞洲金融危機之後的公司結構調整、為經濟更有效地可持續增長掃清道路的最好方式。本週，經過數月與外商斷斷續續的討論，政府的計劃向前進了一大步，隨之又後退了相同的一大步。

　　4月30日，通用汽車公司簽署了一項購買已破產大宇汽車公司的合同。但是，就在同一天，急需現金的儲存類晶片巨人Hynix公司的董事會斷然拒絕了美國的一家競爭對手——美國美光科技公司——的收購建議，此舉令市場大為震驚。美光科技公司曾出價約34億美元來購買Hynix公司的核心晶片業務，並在非儲存類晶片業務內佔少數股份。分析人士預測，政府將對債權人施加壓力以拯救與美光公司的這筆交易，或者另闢蹊徑，尋找別的買主，因為大選年進行清算風險太大，後果難以預料。

　　通用汽車公司與大宇汽車公司的交易標誌著一個甚至更長和更痛苦的過程的結束。兩年前，福特公司幾乎購買了這家汽車製造廠，但發現很難使大宇汽車公司起死回生後知難而退。通用公司與大宇汽車公司談判了近一年。最後決定由通用公司購買大宇公司的四個國內汽車製造廠，位於越南的一家工廠、荷蘭的一家零配件製造廠和九家海外分廠***除波多黎各一家制造廠外，其餘的都在歐洲***。在它們之間，這兩家制造廠每年可生產53萬輛組合汽車和3萬輛商用汽車。

　　通用汽車公司做成了一筆極好的買賣。它將與各種不願透露身份的合作伙伴一起擁有新公司***暫時命名為通用­-大宇公司***的67%的股份。這家美國汽車製造商將為其擁有的42%的股份支付2.51億美元，但它也將承擔大宇汽車公司5.73億美元的債務。此項收購是通用汽車公司全球擴張戰略的關鍵部分。在相當一段時期內，通用公司一直試圖鞏固它在亞洲的地位。人們普遍認為，購買南韓現有的一家公司是通用公司的當務之急，因為每年的汽車進口量只佔國內銷售總量150萬的3%。通用公司希望利用大宇公司的生產線生產出能以大宇商標在大部分市場銷售的廉價汽車。

　　但是通用汽車公司還要做很多工作來重塑大宇已毀的形象，並且重新建立國內市場份額。大宇原先的市份額在1998年達到37%的高峰後，一直停留在10%左右。通用汽車公司英國子公司Vauxhall跑車部前任執行長、目前已被任命但尚未上任的通用-大宇公司執行長尼克•賴利認為，因為已最終敲定這筆交易，所以通用公司須通過引進運動賽車或多功能汽車來填補生產線方面的空缺。在這一過程中，賴利的管理班子預料到會遭遇來自韓國工會的攻擊。在簽署相關事宜的時候，由於簽署儀式所用賓館被一群工會激進分子所控制而不得不轉到一個祕密地點。

　　考研英語經濟類閱讀理解專項訓練及答案：Giving Credit Where Credit Is Not Due

　　The big identity-theft bust last week was just a taste of what's to come. Here's how to protect your good name

　　HERE'S THE SCARY THING about the identity-theft ring that the feds cracked

　　last week: there was nothing any of its estimated 40,000 victims could have done to prevent it from happening. This was an inside job, according to court documents. A lowly help-desk worker at Teledata Communications, a software firm that helps banks access credit reports online, allegedly stole passwords for those reports and sold them to a group of 20 thieves at $60 a pop. That allowed the gang to cherry-pick consumers with good credit and apply for all kinds of accounts in their names. Cost to the victims: $3 million and rising.

　　Even scarier is that this, the largest identity-theft bust to date, is just a drop in the bit bucket. More than 700,000 Americans have their credit hijacked every year. It's one of crime's biggest growth markets. A name, address and Social Security number--which can often be found on the Web--is all anybody needs to apply for a bogus line of credit. Credit companies make $1.3 trillion annually and lose less than 2% of that revenue to fraud, so there's little financial incentive for them to make the application process more secure. As it stands now, it's up to you to protect your identity.

　　The good news is that there are plenty of steps you can take. Most credit thieves are opportunists, not well-organized gangs. A lot of them go Dumpster diving for those millions of "pre-approved" credit-card mailings that go out every day. Others steal wallets and return them, taking only a Social Security number. Shredding your junk mail and leaving your Social Security card at home can save a lot of agony later.

　　But the most effective way to keep your identity clean is to check your credit reports once or twice a year. There are three major credit-report outfits: Equifax ***at equifax***, Trans-Union *** and Experian ***experian***. All allow you to order reports online, which is a lot better than wading through voice-mail hell on their 800 lines. Of the three, I found TransUnion's website to be the cheapest and most comprehensive--laying out state-by-state prices, rights and tips for consumers in easy-to-read fashion.

　　If you're lucky enough to live in Colorado, Georgia, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey or Vermont, you are entitled to one free report a year by law. Otherwise it's going to cost $8 to $14 each time. Avoid services that offer to monitor your reports year-round for about $70; that's $10 more than the going rate among thieves. If you think you're a victim of identity theft, you can ask for fraud alerts to be put on file at each of the three credit-report companies. You can also download a theft-report form at , which, along with a local police report, should help when irate creditors come knocking. Just don't expect justice. That audacious help-desk worker was one of the fewer than 2% of identity thieves who are ever caught.

　　By Chris Taylor Time; 12/9/2002, Vol. 160 Issue 24, p100, 3/4p, 1c

　　注***1***：本文選自Time; 12/9/2002, p100, 3/4p, 1c;

　　注***2***：本文習題命題模仿物件2004年真題Text 1;

　　1.What is the trend of credit-theft crime?

　　[A]Tightly suppressed.

　　[B]More frightening.

　　[C]Rapidly increasing.

　　[D]loosely controlled.

　　2.The expression “inside job”***Line 6, Paragraph 1*** most probably means _________.

　　[A]a crime that is committed by a person working for the victim

　　[B]a crime that should be punished severely

　　[C]a crime that does great harm to the victim

　　[D]a crime that poses a great threat to the society

　　3.The creditors can protect their identity in the following way except _________.

　　[A]destroying your junk mail

　　[B]leaving your Social Security card at home

　　[C]visiting the credit-report website regularly

　　[D]obtaining the free report from the government

　　4.Why is it easy to have credit-theft?

　　[A]More people are using credit service.

　　[B]The application program is not safe enough.

　　[C]Creditors usually disclose their identity.

　　[D]Creditors are not careful about their identity.

　　5.What is the best title of the text?

　　[A]The danger of credit-theft

　　[B]The loss of the creditors

　　[C]How to protect your good name

　　[D]Why the creditors lose their identity

　　答案：CADBC

　　篇章剖析

　　本文以最大的一起信用卡竊盜案為切入點，指出竊用信用卡是一種非常嚴重的犯罪現象，並介紹瞭如何進行一些防範措施。第一段介紹了最大的一起信用卡竊盜案;第二段指出這一犯罪現象的嚴重性：這是最大的成長性犯罪市場之一，而且銀行方面的防護措施薄弱;第三段、四段和五段詳細介紹了一些防範措施。

　　詞彙註釋

　　identity-theft 個人身份資訊被盜

　　fed n. [常作F-][美俚]聯邦調查局人員; 聯邦政府工作人員

　　ring n. 團伙;一幫

　　inside job n. ***Slang*** 監守自盜

　　pop adv. 每張地;每個地

　　bust [bQst] n. 逮捕;告破;突然搜查

　　a drop in the bucket 冰山一角，滄海一粟

　　hijack vt. 劫持，***像攔路搶劫似的***偷竊;***，欺詐

　　credit n. 信用;***銀行***存款

　　bogus [5bEJ^Es] adj. 假的;偽造的，如：a bogus certificate 偽造的證件

　　line of credit 信用限額，信貸限額

　　fraud [frC:d] n. 欺騙, 欺詐行為，詭計;騙子;假貨

　　as it stands 按照現在情況, 事實是這樣

　　Dumpster n. ***鄧普斯特爾商標***垃圾罐

　　go out過時，不流行

　　shred vt., vi. ***shredded*** 撕碎, 切碎, 破碎

　　irate [aI5reIt] adj. 發怒的;生氣的

　　knock vt. 批評;找岔子

　　audacious [C:5deIFEs] adj.大膽的, 鹵莽的, 蠻橫無理的;大膽創新的

　　難句突破

　　A lowly help-desk worker at Teledata Communications, a software firm that helps banks access credit reports online, allegedly stole passwords for those reports and sold them to a group of 20 thieves at $60 a pop.

　　主體句式：a worker stole … and sold …

　　結構分析：本句是一個簡單句。在這個句子中，“lowly”用做形容詞，意思是“.地位低的, 卑賤的”;“a software firm that helps banks access credit reports online”是“Teledata Communications”的同位語，其中that引導定語從句來修飾a software firm，access的詞性是動詞，意思是“接近，進入獲得接觸***資料或程式***的途徑”;“allegedly”的意思是“依其申述”;“a pop”的意思是“每張地;每個地”。

　　句子譯文：據說，一家幫助銀行線上訪問客戶信譽報告的軟體公司——遠端資料通訊公司——的一個低階help-desk服務系統工作人員盜取了這些報告的密碼，以每個60美元的價格賣給一個由20個小偷組成的團伙。

　　題目分析

　　1.答案為C，屬事實細節題。句子“Even scarier is that this, the largest identity-theft bust to date,

　　is just a drop in the bit bucket.”的意思是“甚至更令人震驚的是, 迄今為止最大的個人資訊竊盜案的告破僅僅是冰山之一角。”;“It's one of crime's biggest growth markets.”的意思是“這是最大的成長性犯罪市場之一。”從這兩句話我們可做出正確的選擇。

　　2.答案為A，屬猜詞題。原文對應資訊是“A lowly help-desk worker at Teledata Communications, a software firm that helps banks access credit reports online, allegedly stole passwords for those reports and sold them to a group of 20 thieves at $60 a pop.”。這句話對“inside job”做出瞭解釋。

　　3.答案為D ，屬事實細節題。選項D是某些債權人應享有的權利，而不是一種防範措施。

　　4.答案為B，屬推理判斷題。原文對應資訊是：“A name, address and Social Security number--which can often be found on the Web--is all anybody needs to apply for a bogus line of credit. Credit companies make $1.3 trillion annually and lose less than 2% of that revenue to fraud, so there's little financial incentive for them to make the application process more secure.”。

　　5.答案為C，屬主旨大意題。文章開頭指出竊用信用卡是一種非常嚴重的犯罪現象，接著介紹瞭如何進行一些防範措施。所以選項C是正確答案。

　　參考譯文

　　在不該講信用的地方講信用

　　上週對個人身份資訊竊賊突然進行的大搜查只是後續行動的一種小試牛刀的嘗試。下面介紹的是該如何保護你的名字安然無恙

　　下面是有關上週已被聯邦特工粉碎的盜竊團伙偷盜個人資訊的令人驚慌的事例：估計受害人 有4萬人之眾，而他們中間的任何人根本無法採取任何防範措施來阻止這種盜竊行為的發生。據法院檔案記載，這是一種監守自盜行為。據說，一家幫助銀行線上訪問客戶信譽報告的軟體公司——遠端資料通訊公司——的一個低階help-desk服務系統工作人員盜取了這些報告的密碼，以每個60美元的價格賣給一個由20個小偷組成的團伙。這樣，該盜竊團伙就從那些消費者的名單中精心挑選出信用好的人，然後以他們的名義申請各種賬戶。受害人付出的代價：3百萬美元，而此數仍在繼續攀升。

　　甚至更令人震驚的是, 迄今為止最大的個人資訊竊盜案的告破僅僅是冰山之一角。每年有70多萬美國人的銀行存款被瘋狂盜取。這是最大的成長性犯罪市場之一。一個名字、一個地址和一個社會保險號——這些東西在網上很容易找到——是想申請假信貸限額的任何人所需的全部東西。信貸公司每年賺1.3萬億，其中2%的收入被騙子詐取，因此，幾乎沒有任何金錢的刺激來促使他們把申請過程做得更安全一些。按現在情況看，保護自己的信用安全完全是你自己的事。

　　好訊息是，有許多可採取的步驟供你選擇。多數信用卡竊賊是投機取巧者, 而非組織嚴密的團伙。他們當中的許多人常去翻垃圾桶，去尋找數百萬件事先批准、且已過時的信用卡郵件，而其它人則去偷錢包。到手後他們只留下社會保險號，把錢包返還給失主。粉碎垃圾郵件、把社會保險卡留在家裡可減少你許多事後後悔莫及的痛苦。

　　但保護你的信用卡不被盜取的最有效的方法是檢查你的信用報告，每年一至兩次。有三個主要的信用報告查詢網址：Equifax ***equifax***，Trans-Union *** Experian ***experian***。你可在這些網址上線上訂購信用報告, 這比通過他們提供的800條專線進行令人痛苦的語音郵件煉獄式查詢好得多。在這三個網站中，我發現TransUnion的網站收費最低，且內容包羅永珍——以一種便於閱讀的方式為消費者列出了各項價格、權利和提示。

　　如果你有幸住在科羅拉多州、佐治亞州、馬里蘭州、麻薩諸塞州、新澤西州或佛蒙特州，那麼，依照法律，你就有權每年享受一次免費報告，否則，這樣的報告每次就要花去你8 到14 美元。要儘量避免使用要價70美元的全年信用報告監控服務;這筆費用比竊賊之間目前實行的價碼還要高10美元。如果你認為你是信用卡被盜案的受害人，你就可要求將欺詐警報在這三家信用報告公司存檔待查。你也可從

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