英語四級考試閱讀理解練習題和答案

　　下面是小編整理的，希望對大家有幫助。

　　Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine where we "fit" in society. As we go about our everyday lives, we mentally attempt to place people in terms of their statuses. For example, we must judge whether the person in the library is a reader or a librarian, whether the telephone caller is a friend or a salesman, whether the unfamiliar person on our property is a thier or a meter reader, and so on.

　　The statuses we assume often vary with the people we encounter, and change throughout life. Most of us can, at very high speed, assume the statuses that various situations require. Much of social interaction consists of identifying and selecting among appropriate statuses and allowing other people to assume their statuses in relation to us. This means that we fit our actions to those of other people based on a constant mental process of appraisal and interpretation. Although some of us find the task more difficult than others, most of us perform it rather effortlessly.

　　A status has been compared to ready-made clothes. Within certain limits, the buyer can choose style and fabric. But an American is not free to choose the costume ***服裝*** of a Chinese peasant or that of a Hindu prince. We must choose from among the clothing presented by our society. Furthermore, our choice is limited to a size that will fit, as well as by our pocketbook ***錢包***. Having made a choice within these limits we can have certain alterations made, but apart from minor adjustments, we tend to be limited to what the stores have on their racks. Statuses too come ready made, and the range of choice among them is limited.


 

　　這是一篇說明文，講的是人們的Status***身份、地位***這一問題。

　　51. In the first paragraph, the writer tells us that statuses can help us _______.

　　A*** determine whether a person is fit for a certain job

　　B*** behave appropriately in relation to other people

　　C*** protect ourselves in unfamiliar situations

　　D*** make friends with other people

　　[答案及分析]：[B]事實辨認題。問在第一段作者告訴我們人的身份對我們有下列哪種幫助。第一段第一句說得很明白：“身份有助於我們和別人相處，決定我們在社會中所處的地位、扮演的角色”，[B]項意為“正確地與人交往”，正是上述意思。

　　52. According to the writer, people often assume different statuses ______.

　　A*** in order to identify themselves with others

　　B*** in order to better identify others

　　C*** as their mental processes change

　　D*** as the situation changes

　　[答案及分析]：[D]事實辨認題。問作者認為，在什麼情況下人們經常具有不同的身份。[A]項意為“為了將自己預其他人區別開”，[B]項為“為了更好地識別他人”，[C]項為“當心理髮生變化時”，[D]項意為“隨著環境的變化”。[A]、[B]、[C]三項都不合文章原意，並且根據第二段第一、二句話可知[D]項正確。

　　53. The word "appraisal" ***Line5, Para.2*** most probably means "_______".

　　A*** involvement B*** appreciation C*** assessment D*** presentation

　　[答案及分析]：[C]詞義理解題。問第二段第六行中的appraisal一詞的意思是什麼。根據該詞所在的句子，可知該詞含義和mental process***思想過程***有關，並且可能與和其並列的詞interpretation***解釋，說明，理解***有一定相似之處。involvement意為“陷入，捲入;牽涉，包含”，assessment意為“估計，評估;所估計之數額”，appreciation表示“感謝，感激;欣賞，評價，賞識”，presentation意為“贈送;提出;引見，介紹;出席，呈現;演出”。比較起來，[B]項符合上述兩點，而且意思上說得通。appraisal的準確意思是“估計，估價，評價”，在此句中“評價”講。

　　54. In the last sentence of the second paragraph, the pronoun "it" refers to "______".

　　A*** fitting our actions to those of other people appropriately

　　B*** identification of other people's statuses

　　C*** selecting one's own statuses D*** constant mental process

　　[答案及分析]：[A]事實辨認題。問第二段最後一句中“it”指代什麼。根據句意及其結構可知：it指代the task，即前一句“we fit out actions to those of people based on a constant mental process of appraisal and interpretation”，不難看出[A]項正確。



 

　　One of the qualities that most people admire in others is the willingness to admit one's mistakes. It is extremely hard sometimes to say a simple thing like "I was wrong about that," and it is even harder to say, "I was wrong , and you were right about that."

　　I had an experience recently with someone admitting to me that he had made a mistake fifteen years ago. He told me he had been the manager of a certain grocery store in the neighbourhood where I grew up, and he asked me if I remembered the egg cartons. Then he related an incident and Ibegan to remember vaguely the incident he was describing.

　　I was about eight years old at the time, and I had gome into the store with may mother to do the weekly grocery shopping. On that particular day, I must have found my way to the dairy food department where the incident tood place.

　　There must have been a special sale on eggs that day because there was an impressive display of eggs indozen and half-dozen cartons. The cartons were stacked three or four feet high. I must have stopped in front of a display to admire the stacks. Just then a woman came by pushing her grocery cart and knocked off the stacks of cartons. For some reason, I decided it was up to me to put the display back together, so I want to work.

　　The manager heard the moise and came rushing over to see what had happened. When he appeared, I was on my knees inspecting some of the cartons to see if any of the eggs were broken, but to him it looked as though I was the culprit. He severely reprimanded me and wanted me to pay for any broken eggs. I protested my innocence and tried to explain, but it did no good. Even though I quickly forgot all about the incident, apparently the manager did not.

　　1.How old was the author when he wrote this article?

　　a.about 8

　　b.about 18

　　c.about 23

　　d.about 15

　　2.Who was to blame for knocking off the stacks of cartons?

　　a.The author

　　b.The manager

　　c.A woman

　　d.The author's mother

　　3.Which of the following statements is not true?

　　a.The woman who knocked off the stacks of cartons was seriously criticized by the mananger

　　b.The author was severely critizized by the manager.

　　c.A woman carelessly knocked off the stacks of cartons

　　d.It was the author who put the display back together

　　4.Which of the following can serve as the best title for the passage?

　　a.Its Harder to Admit One's Mistake

　　b.I was once the culprit

　　c.I remember an incident

　　d.A case of mistaken identity

　　5.The tone of the article expresses the author's_______.

　　a.admiration for the manager's willingness to admit mistakes

　　b.anger to the manager for his wrong accusation

　　c.indignation against the woman who knocked off the stacks of cartons

　　d.reget for the mistake the made in the store


 

　　答案：ccada