簡短勵志的英文小故事

　　越來越多的朋友都喜歡在閒餘時間找一些來看看，那麼都有哪些呢?一起來看看吧。

　　：草木皆兵

　　During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Fu Jian, king of the State of Qin, controlled northern China. In the year383, Fu Jian led 900,000 infantry and cavalry troops to assault the State of Jin which was south of the Yangtze River. Xie Shi and Xie Xuan, senior generals of the Jin army, led 80,000 troops to offer resistance. Knowing that the Jin army was short of men, Fu Jian wanted to seize this opportunity of being much more numerous in armed forces to stage a quick attack.

　　Unexpectedly, the van of Fu Jian's army of 250,000 troops was defeated in the Shouchun area by an ingenious military move of the Jin army and suffered heavy losses. The senior general of the van of Fu Jian's army was killed, and there were heavy casualties of more than 10,000 soldiers. Fu Jian's army was dispirited and its morale was shaken. Many soldiers were in such a great panic that they waited for opportunities to run away. Standing on the city wall of the Shouchun City, Fu Jian and his brother Fu Rong saw that the ranks of the Jin army were in good order and that the morale of the Jin army was high. Turning to his brother, Fu Jian said, "What a powerful enemy this is! Why did people say that the Jin army was short of men?" He deeply regretted that he had taken the enemy too lightly.

　　Overshadowed by the disastrous defeat, Fu Jian ordered his troops to be deployed in battle formation on the north side of the Feishui River, in an attempt to regain the initiative by relying on the superior geographical conditions. Then Xie Shi and Xie Xuan, the senior generals of the Jin army, suggested that Fu Jian's army retreat a little bit, leaving some space, so that the Jin army could cross the river to conduct ooperations. Fu Jian thought that his chance had come, believing that the senior generals of the Jin army did not have the elementary knowledge of warfare. It was his plan to stage a sudden attack while the troops of the Jin army was busy crossing the river, and he was sure that his plan would word. So he willingly accepted the suggestion of the Jin army.

　　Unexpectedly, the moment the order to retreat was given, Fu Jian's troops were utterly routed and could by no means be controlled. Taking advantage of this favorable situation, the Jin army crossed the river, pursuing and attacking the enemy. The trooops of Fu Jian's army threw away everything in headlong flight, and the field was littered with the corpses of the soldiers of Fu Jian's army. Fu Rong was killed in the tangled fighting, and Fu Jian was hit by an arrow and ran away. The Jin army won a brilliant victory by defeating a big army with its limited armed forces.

　　This story comes from "The Life of Fu Jian" in the volume "Records" of The History of the Jin Dynasty. The set phrase "every bush and tree looks like an enemy" is subsequently used to refer to a state of extreme nervousness.

　　東晉時代，秦王苻堅控制了北部中國。公元383年，苻堅率領步兵、騎兵90萬，攻打江南的晉朝。晉軍大將謝石、謝玄領兵8萬前去抵抗。苻堅得知晉軍兵力不足，就想以多勝少，抓住機會，迅速出擊。

　　誰料，苻堅的先鋒部隊25萬在壽春一帶被晉軍出奇擊敗，損失慘重，大將被殺，士兵死傷萬餘。秦軍的銳氣大挫，軍心動搖，士兵驚恐萬狀，紛紛逃跑。此時，苻堅在壽春城上望見晉軍隊伍嚴整，士氣高昂，再北望八公山，只見山上一草一木都像晉軍的士兵一樣。苻堅回過頭對弟弟說：“這是多麼強大的敵人啊!怎麼能說晉軍兵力不足呢?”他後悔自己過於輕敵了。

　　出師不利給苻堅心頭蒙上了不祥的陰影，他令部隊靠淝水北岸佈陣，企圖憑藉地理優勢扭轉戰局。這時晉軍將領謝玄提出要求，要秦軍稍往後退，讓出一點地方，以便渡河作戰。苻堅暗笑晉軍將領不懂作戰常識，想利用晉軍忙於渡河難於作戰之機，給它來個突然襲擊，於是欣然接受了晉軍的請求。

　　誰知，後退的軍令一下，秦軍如潮水一般潰不成軍，而晉軍則趁勢渡河追擊，把秦軍殺得丟盔棄甲，屍橫遍地。苻堅中箭而逃。

　　故事出自《晉書·苻堅·載記》。成語“草木皆兵”，形容神經過敏、疑神疑鬼的驚恐心理。

　　：高山流水

　　During the Spring and Autumn Period***770-476B.C.***.there was a man whose name was Yu Boya.Yu boya famous music master at that time, having a good command of the temperament and superb skills in playing the musical instrument.He was bright and eager to learn when he was young.He had formally acknowledged several experts as his teachers,and his skills in playing the musical instrument had already reached a fairly high level.But he still felt that he could not superbly express the various things which had deeply impressed him.Knowing what was in his mind,his teacher took him to the penglai Island,a fabled abode of immortals,on the East China Sea by boat.On the island,his teacher let him enjoy the natural scenarios and listen to the roaring of the great waves.looking into the distance,Boya saw that the waves were turbulent and that the white breakers leapt skywards.Sea birds were circling in the air,and their crying was very pleasant to the ear.Trees were green and intriguing feeling welled up in his mind,as if he had heard the harmonious and charming music of nature.He couldn't help taking his musical instrument and playing it .He followed his inclinations while he was playing,and incorporated the beautiful nature with his music,thus reaching a realm of thought he had never experienced before.Seeing this,the teacher said to hime,''You have mastered the art of playing."

　　Once,on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month,he was boating for sight-seeing.The moon was bright and a cool breeze was blowing gently.With myriads of thoughts welling up in his mind,he began to play the musical instrument.The melodious music became more and more beautiful when a man on the bank shouted "bravo!"Hearing the shouting,Boya came out of the boat,and saw a woodcutter standing on the bank.He knew that this man was keenly appreciative of his talents,because he understood his music.He immediately invited the woodcutter to his boat and ,full of zest,he played the musical instrument for him.When Boya played a piece of music eulogizing the high mountains,the woodcutter said,"wonderful!The melody is as magnificent and dignified as Mount Tai which reaches to the sky!"When he played a piece of music depicting the turbulent waves,the woodcutter said,"Wonderful!The melody is as vast and mighty as the great rivers!"Boya was excited,and siad,"Bosom friend!You are really my bosom friend!"That woodcutter was Zhong Ziqi.Since then,they had been very good friends.

　　This story appears in The Works of Lie Zi.From this story,people havederived the set phrase"high mountain and running water" to refer to understanding and appreciative friends.This set phrase is also used to refer to melodious music.

　　春秋時代，有個叫俞伯牙的人，精通音律，琴藝高超，是當時著名的琴師。俞伯牙年輕的時候聰穎好學，曾拜高人為師，琴技達到水平，但他總覺得自己還不能出神入化地表現對各種事物的感受。伯牙的老師知道他的想法後，就帶他乘船到東海的蓬萊島上，讓他欣賞大自然的景色，傾聽大海的波濤聲。伯牙舉目眺望，只見波浪洶湧，浪花激濺;海鳥翻飛，鳴聲入耳;山林樹木，鬱鬱蔥蔥，如入仙境一般。一種奇妙的感覺油然而生，耳邊彷彿咯起了大自然那和諧動聽的音樂。他情不自禁地取琴彈奏，音隨意轉，把大自然的美妙融進了琴聲，伯牙體驗到一種前所未有的境界。老師告訴他：“你已經學了。”

　　一夜伯牙乘船遊覽。面對清風明月，他思緒萬千，於是又彈起琴來，琴聲悠揚，漸入佳境。忽聽岸上有人叫絕。伯牙聞聲走出船來，只見一個樵夫站在岸邊，他知道此人是知音當即請樵夫上船，興致勃勃地為他演奏。伯牙彈起讚美高山的曲調，樵夫說道：“真好!雄偉而莊重，好像高聳入雲的泰山一樣!”當他彈奏表現奔騰澎湃的波濤時，樵夫又說：“真好!寬廣浩蕩，好像看見滾滾的流水，無邊的大海一般!”伯牙興奮色了，激動地說：“知音!你真是我的知音。”這個樵夫就是鍾子期。從此二人成了非常要好的朋友。

　　故事出自《列子·湯問》。成語“高山流水”，比喻知己或知音，也比喻音樂優美。

　　：雞鳴狗盜

　　During the Warring States period***475-221B.C.***,Prince Mengchang of the State of Qi was fond of having various kinds of people as his hangers-on,the number of whom was said to have amounted to three thousand.Never refusing anyone who came to hime,he let the talented people do what they could and also offered food and lodging to the mediocre.Once,followed by his hangers-on,Prince Mengchang was sent on a diplomatic mission to the State of Qin.Attermpting to make him prime minister of the state of Qin,King Zhao of the State of Qin kept hime from leaving. Not daring to offend the king,Prince Mengchang stay here.He is a person of royal lineage,and has feud and family back in the State of Qi,How could he serve the State of Qin heart and soul?"The king thought it plausible,and changed his mind.He put Prince Mengchang and his hangers-on under house arrest,waiting to find an excuse to kill them.The king had an imperial concubine on whom he doted most,and he never refused her anything,Prince Mengchang sent a man to her for help.The concubine promised to help if she could have the unique white fox fur coat of the State of Qi as her reward.Prince Mengchang was troubled,for he had already given it to the king of the State of Oin as a gift when he arrived here.Just then,one of the hangers-on said,"I can manage to get it ."H " He left immediately.It turned out that this man was a skilled burglar who used to enter horses through the hole for dogs in the wall.He made an investigation first,and learned that the king was too fond of the fox fur coat to wear it and that the coat was kept in the choice storeroom in the palace.Eluding the patrol,he found his way easily in the moonlight into the storeroom and got the fur coat out.Seeing the coat,the concubine was extremely pleased,She tried every means to talk the king into giving up the idea of killing Prince Mengchang.The king also planned to give a farewell dinner to Prince Mengchang two days later before sending him back to the State of Qi..But Prince Mengchang did not dare to wait two more days.Mounting the horses,he and his men sped stealthily eastward that very night.It was just midnight when they arrived at the Hangu Pass***in today's Lingbao County in Henan Province,which was the east gate of the State of Qin***.According to the laws of the State of Qin,the gate of the pass should not be opened until cocks crew in the morning.But how could they crow at midnight?They were very much worried when they heard a cock crowing.Immediately all the cocks inside and outside the pass followed the cock in crowing.It turned out that one other hanger-on could imitate the cock's crow very well,and the first crow was actually his imitation.The guards of the pass felt it very strange to have heard the cocks' crow before they could hardly have had enough sleep.Nevertheless,they had to open the gate of the pass and let them go.At dawn,the king of the State of Qin learned that Prince Mengchang and his men had escaped.He immediately sent his troops to chase them.When the troops arrived.He immediately sent his troops to chase them.When the troops arrived at the Hangu Pass ,they had gone for a long time.With the help of those people who knew small tricks such as crowing like a cock and snatching like a dog,Prince Mengchang finally got back to the State of Qi.This story appears in"The Life of Prince Mengchang" in the Historical Records written by Sima Qian.Later,the set phrase"crowing like a cock and snatching like a dog" is used to refer to small tricks or people who know small tricks.

　　戰國時候，齊國的孟嘗君喜歡招納各種人做門客，號稱賓客三千。他對賓客是來者不拒，有才能的讓他們各盡其能，沒有才能的也提供食宿。

　　有一次，孟嘗君率領眾賓客出使秦國。秦昭王將他留下，想讓他當相國。孟嘗君不敢得罪秦昭王，只好留下來。不久，大臣們勸秦王說：“留下孟嘗君對秦國是不利的，他出身王族，在齊國有封地，有家人，怎麼會真心為秦國辦事呢?”秦昭王覺得有理，便改變了主意，把孟嘗君和他的手下人軟禁起來，只等找個藉口殺掉。

　　泰昭王有個最受寵愛的妃子，只要妃子說一，昭王絕不說二。孟嘗君派人去求她救助。妃子答應了，條件是拿齊國那一件天下無雙的狐白裘***用白色狐腋的皮毛做成的皮衣***做報酬。這可叫孟嘗君作難了，因為剛到秦國，他便把這件狐白裘獻給了秦昭王。就在這時候，有一個門說：“我能把狐白裘找來!”說完就走了。

　　原來這個門客最善於鑽狗洞偷東西。他先摸清情況，知道昭王特別喜愛那件狐裘，一時捨不得穿，放在宮中的精品貯藏室裡。他便藉著月光，逃過巡邏人的眼睛，輕易地鑽進貯藏室把狐裘偷出來。妃子見到狐白裘高興極了，想方設法說服秦昭王放棄了殺孟嘗君的念頭，並準備過兩天為他餞行，送他回齊國。

　　孟嘗君可不敢再等過兩天，立即率領手下人連夜偷偷騎馬向東快奔。到了函谷關***在現在河南省靈寶縣，當時是秦國的東大門***正是半夜。按秦國法規，函谷關每天雞叫才開門，半夜時候，雞可怎麼能叫呢?大家正犯愁時，只聽見幾聲“喔，喔，喔”的雄雞啼鳴，接著，城關外的雄雞都打鳴了。原來，孟嘗君的另一個門客會學雞叫，而雞是隻要聽到第一聲啼叫就立刻會跟著叫起來的。怎麼還沒睡蹭實雞就叫了呢?守關的士兵雖然覺得奇怪，但也只得起來開啟關門，放他們出去。

　　天亮了，秦昭王得知孟嘗君一行已經逃走，立刻派出人馬追趕。追到函谷關，人家已經出關多時了。

　　孟嘗君靠著雞鳴狗盜之士逃回了齊國。

　　故事出自《史記·孟嘗君列傳》。成語“雞嗚狗盜”比喻卑下的技能或具有這種技能的人。