助動詞有哪些及用法?
助動詞的用法 10分
助動詞種類較多,以下主要介紹be,do,will,have等助動詞的使用:
一、be動詞作助動詞
⑴ 由連繫動詞am,is,are構成的句子:變一般疑問句時把am,is,are提到句子的前面,句尾用問號即可。變否定句時直接在am,is,are後面加not即可。例如:
肯定句:He is a student.
一般疑問句: Is he a student?
否定句: He is not a student.
畫線提問: 對he提問: Who is a student?
對 a student 提問: What is he?
(2)was 是am,is的過去式,were是are的過去式,若句子中有以上兩詞時,變疑問句及否定句方法與(1)相同。
二、情態動詞作助動詞
(1) 由情態動詞can, may,will ,shall等構成的句子: 變一般疑問句時把 can, may,will ,shall提到句子的前面,句尾用問號即可.變否定句時直接在can,may,後面加not即可. 例如:
肯定句: She can swim.
一般疑問句: Can she swim?
否定句: She can not swim.
畫線提問: 對she提問: Who can swim?
對swim提問: What can she do?
(2)could,might,would,should是can,may,will,shall的過去式,若句子中有以上兩詞時,變疑問句及否定句方法與(1)相同。
三、do作為助動詞
(1)由行為動詞構成的句子: 需要加助詞do或does. 變一般疑問句時把do/does放在句子前面. 變否定句時把don’t/doesn’t放在動詞的前面。要注意觀察動詞的形式並對號入座。一般疑問句和否定句的動詞三單式都要變回原型。
play-----do plays-----does
例如:
肯定句: They play football after school. He plays football after school.
一般疑問句: Do they play football after school? Does he play football after school?
否定句: They don't (do not) play football after school. He doesn’t’ play football after school.
畫線提問: 對they/he提問: Who plays football after school?
對play football提問: What do they do after school? What does he do after school?
對after school提問: When do they play football? When does he play football?(2)did是do和did的過去式,變一般疑問句時把did放在句子前面. 變否定句時把didn’t放在動詞的前面, 要注意觀察動詞的形式並對號入座。一般疑問句和否定句的動詞都要變回原型。
四、have/has作為助動詞
(1)由have,has構成的現在完成時句子,變一般疑問句時把have,has提到句子的前面,句尾用問號即可。變否定句時直接在have,has後面加not即可。例如:
肯定句:He......