1. 形容詞的用法
(1) 形容詞在句中作定語, 表語, 賓語補足語。 例如:
Our country is a beautiful country. (作定語)
The fish went bad. (作表語)
We keep our classroom clean and tidy. (作賓語補足語)
(2) 形容詞修飾something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代詞時,形容詞放在名詞後面。
I have something important to tell you.
Is there anything interesting in the film?
(3) 用 and 或 or 連線起來的兩個形容詞作定語時一般把它們放在被修飾的名詞後面。起進一步解釋的作用。
Everybody, man and woman, old and young, should attend the meeting.
You can take any box away, big or small.
(4) the+形容詞表示一類人或物
The rich should help the poor.
2. 副詞的用法
(1) 副詞在句中可作狀語,表語和定語。
He studies very hard. (作狀語)
Life here is full of joy. (作定語)
When will you be back? (作表語)
副詞按其用途和含義可分為下面五類:
1) 時間副詞
時間副詞通常用來表示動作的時間。常見的時間副詞有:now today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, late, early, never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always等。例如:
He often comes to school late.
What are we going to do tomorrow?
He is never been to Beijing.
2) 地點副詞
地點副詞通常用來表示動作發生的地點。常見的地點副詞有:here, there, inside, outside, home, upstairs, downstairs, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere, somewhere, down, up, off, on, in, out等。例如:
I met an old friend of mine on my way home.
He went upstairs.
Put down your name here.
3) 方式副詞
方式副詞一般都是回答“怎樣的?”這類問題的,其中絕大部分都是由一個形容詞加詞尾-ly構成的, 有少數方式副詞不帶詞尾-ly, 它們與形容詞同形。常見的方式副詞有:anxiously, badly, bravely, calmly, carefully, proudly, rapidly, suddenly, successfully, angrily, happily, slowly, warmly, well, fast, slow, quick, hard, alone, high, straight, wide等。例如:
The old man walked home slowly.
Please listen to the teacher carefully.
The birds are flying high.
He runs very fast.
4) 程度副詞
程度副詞多數用來修飾形容詞和副詞,有少數用來修飾動詞或介詞短語。常見的程度副詞有:much, (a) little, a bit, very, so, too, enough, quite, rather, pretty, greatly, completely, nearly, almost, deeply, hardly, partly等。例如:
Her pronunciation is very good.
She sings quite well.
I can hardly agree with you.
5) 疑問副詞是用來引導特殊疑問句的副詞。常見的疑問副詞有:how, when, where, why等。例如:
How are you getting along with your studies?
Where were you yesterday?
Why did you do that?
(2) 副詞在句中的位置
1) 多數副詞作狀語時放在動詞之後。如果動詞帶有賓語,則放在賓語之後。例如:
Mr. Smith works very hard.
She speaks English well.
2) 頻度副詞作狀語時,通常放在行為動詞之前,情態動詞,助動詞和be動詞之後。例如:
He usually gets up early.
I've never heard him singing.
She is seldom ill.
3) 程度副詞一般放在所修飾的形容詞和副詞的前面, 但enough作副詞用時,通常放在被修飾詞的後面。例如:
It is a rather difficult job.
He runs very fast.
He didn't work hard enough.
4) 副詞作定語時,一般放在被修飾的名詞之後。例如:
On my way home, I met my uncle.
The students there have a lot time to do their own research work.
(3) 部分常用副詞的用法
1) very, much
這兩個副詞都可表示“很”,但用法不同。Very用來修飾形容詞和副詞的原級,而much用來修飾形容詞和副詞的比較級。例如:
She is a very nice girl
I'm feeling much better now.
Much可以修飾動詞,而very則不能。例如:
I don't like the idea much.
They did not talk much.
2) too, either
這兩個副詞都表示“也”,但too用於肯定句,either用於否定句。例如:
She can dance, and I can dance, too.
I haven't read the book and my brother hasn't either.
3) already, yet
already一般用於肯定句,yet一般用於否定句。例如:
He has already left.
Have you heard from him yet?
He hasn't answered yet.
4) so, neither
so和neither都可用於倒裝句, 但so表示肯定,neither表示否定。
例如:
My brother likes football and so do I.
My brother doesn't like dancing and neither do I.
原作者： www.yangjiajiao.com