合同英譯中容易混淆的詞語
英譯商務合同時,常常由於選同不當而尋致詞不達意或者意思模稜兩可,有時甚至表達的是完全不同的含義。接下來,小編給大家準備了,歡迎大家參考與借鑑。
因此瞭解與掌握極易混淆的詞語的區別是極為重要的,是提高英譯質量的關鍵因素之一,現把常用且易混淆的七對詞語,用典型例項論述如下:
shipping1 advice 與 shipping instructions
shipping advice 是“裝運通知”,是由出口商***賣主***發給進口商***買主***的。
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然而 shipping instructions 則是“裝運須知”,是進口商***買主***發給出口商***賣主***的。另外要注意區分 vendor2***賣主***與 vendee***買主***,consignor***發貨人***與 consignee3***收貨人***。上述這三對詞語在英譯時、極易發生筆誤。
abide4 by 與 comply with
abide by 與 comply with 都有“遵守”的意思.但是當主語是“人”時,英譯“遵守”須用 abide by。當主語是非人稱時,則用 comply with 。
例 3:雙方都應遵守/雙方的一切活動都應遵守合同規定。
Both parties Shall abide by/All the activities of both parties shall comply
with the contractual stipulations.
change A to B 與 change A into B
英譯“把 A 改為 B”用change A to B,英譯“把 A 摺合成/兌換成 B”用change A into B,兩者不可混淆。
例 4:交貨期改為 8 月並將美元摺合成人民幣。
Both parties agree that change the time of shipment to August and change US dollar into Renminbi.
ex 與 per
源自拉丁語的介詞 ex 與 per 有各自不同的含義。英譯由某輪船“運來”的貨物時用 ex,由某輪船“運走”的貨物用 per,而由某輪船“承運”用 by。
例 5:由“維多利亞”貨輪運走/運來/承運的最後一批貨將於 10 月 1 日抵達倫敦。
The last batch5 per/ex/by S.S. "Victoria" will arrive at London on October
***S.S. = Steamship***
in 與 after
當英譯“多少天之後”的時間時,往往是指“多少天之後”的確切的一天,所以必須用介詞 in,而不能用 after,因為介詞 after 指的是“多少天之後”的不確切的任何一天。
例 6:該貨於 11 月 10 日由“東風”輪運出,140 天后抵達鹿特丹港。
The good shall be shipped per M.V. "Dong Feng" on November 10 and are due
to arrive at Rottedaml in 140 days. ***M.V.= motor vessel***
on/upon 與 after
當英譯“……到後,就……”時,用介詞 on/upon,而不用 after,因為 after 表示“之後”的時間不明確。
例 7:發票貨值須貨到支付。
The invoice6 value is to be paid on/upon arrival of the goods.
by 與 before
當英譯終止時間時,比如“在某月某日之前”,如果包括所寫日期時,就用介詞 by;如果不包括所寫日期,即指到所寫日期的前一天為止,就要用介詞 before。
例 8:賣方須在 6 月 15 日前將貨交給買方。
The vendor shall deliver the goods to the vendee by June 15.***or: before
June 16,說明含 6 月 15 日在內。如果不含 6 月 15 日,就譯為 by June 14 或者 before June 15。***
擴充套件:職場上如何Say Good-Bye
會話篇
Section A
Steven: Well. I have an appointment now.
Lily: Im in quite a hurry too.
Steven: Good to see you. Goodbye.
Lily: Goodbye. Take care of yourself.
Section B
Lily: I guess Id better go now.
Steven: Ive got to be going now too.
Lily: In that case, Ill be seeing you.
Steven: So long. See you later.
Section C
Steven: Its getting late, and I have to go now.
Lily: Were sorry you have to leave.
Steven: Please excuse me, wont1 you?
Lily: Certainly. Come back soon.
Section D
Lily: Im glad to have met you.
Steven: Thank you. It was nice to have seen you.
Lily: I hope we can get together again.
Steven: Yes. Ill be looking forward to it.
書信寫作的十大注意事項