英語閱讀高中文章

　　閱讀是人們通過語篇瞭解外部世界並且獲得資訊的一種重要方式。下面是小編帶來的，歡迎閱讀!

　　1

　　光大集團牽頭 欲收購利物浦俱樂部

　　A consortium led by a Chinese investment company is interested in buying a stake in Liverpool Football Club, according to media reports.

　　根據媒體報道，由一家中國投資公司領導的財團有意收購利物浦足球俱樂部的股份。

　　The Financial Times said Chinese state-owned firm Everbright and private equity firm PCP Capital Partners were behind the multi-million pound bid.

　　據英國《金融時報》報道，中國國有公司光大集團聯合私募公司PCP Capital Partners已經開出了價值不菲的報價。

　　Other reports quoted club insiders as saying an unsolicited preliminary offer had already been submitted. But the club and owners Fenway Sports Group said they had received no bids.

　　其他報道引述利物浦俱樂部內部人士的話稱，這筆被動的初步報價已經提交給了俱樂部。不過俱樂部方面和所有者芬威體育集團表示，他們沒有收到任何報價。

　　The FT quoted the club's chief executive, Ian Ayre, as saying, "There is no bid and we have no ongoing investment discussion of any kind with anyone."

　　《金融時報》引述了該俱樂部CEO伊恩·艾爾的話稱：“我們沒有收到報價，我們目前沒有和任何人進行任何形式的投資談判。”

　　US firm Fenway acquired Liverpool for 300m pound in 2010. The latest reported bid is said to value the club at more than 700m pound.

　　美國公司芬威在2010年以3億英鎊的價格收購了利物浦足球俱樂部。而據報道，最新的這筆報價給出的價格超過了7億英鎊。

　　In recent years, Chinese investors and firms have quietly been acquiring stakes in football clubs in England, Spain, France, Netherlands and the Czech Republic, while President Xi Jinping has professed a love of the game.

　　近些年裡，中國投資者和企業已經悄無聲息地收購了英國、西班牙、法國、荷蘭和捷克等國家的足球俱樂部的股份，而中國國家主席也曾經公開表達自己對足球的喜愛。

　　In December last year, Manchester City's parent company, City Football Group, sold a 13% stake, worth 265m pound, to a consortium of Chinese investors.

　　去年12月的時候，曼城母公司“城市足球集團”以2.65億英鎊的價格，將旗下13%的股份出售給了一個由中國投資者組成的財團。

　　According to Deloitte's Football Money League, Liverpool are the ninth richest football club in the world, with revenues of 391.8m euro 339m pound in the 2014-15 season.

　　據德勤足球財富排行榜顯示，利物浦是全球第九有錢的足球俱樂部，2014至2015賽季收入達到了3.918億歐元約合3.39億英鎊。

　　2

　　東京奧運會日本擬用電子垃圾做獎牌

　　Japan is exploring the feasibility of forging the Olympic 2020 medals using precious metals salvaged from electronic waste.

　　日本正在探索使用電子垃圾中回收利用的貴金屬來製造2020年東京奧運會的獎牌。

　　Members of Japan's Olympic organising committee tabled the idea to government officials and companies earlier this year, local media reports said.

　　當地媒體報道，日本奧林匹克組織委員會的成員們在今年早些時候將此想法正式提交給了政府官員和相關公司。

　　Olympic host cities have traditionally obtained the metal from mining firms.

　　奧林匹克主辦城市向來是從礦產公司購入金屬。

　　But Japan, which lacks its own mineral resources, is keen to take the theme of a sustainable future a step further.

　　但是日本作為一個礦產資源缺乏的國家，致力於更深入地貫徹可持續未來的主題。

　　The International Olympic Committee IOC has developed strict criteria for the world's greatest sporting event, and this extends to how the medals should be produced.

　　國際奧委會IOC為奧運會制定了嚴苛的標準，其中涵蓋了如何製作獎牌。

　　The Rio Olympics, for example, used gold that was extracted without the use of mercury and a third of the silver and bronze used came from recycled sources.

　　例如，里約奧運會的金牌就是在無水銀的情況下提煉而得，三分之一的銀和銅來自可回收材料。

　　How does e-waste recycling work?

　　如何回收電子垃圾?

　　Discarded consumer electronics such as smartphones and tablets contain small amounts of precious and rare earth metals, including platinum, palladium, gold, silver, lithium, cobalt and nickel.

　　在廢棄的消費性電子產品中，如智慧手機和平板電腦都含有少量的貴金屬和稀有金屬，其中包括鉑金、鈀、金、銀、鋰、鈷和鎳。

　　Scrap cars and home appliances such as fridges and air conditioners also contain these rarer metals, along with base metals, including iron, copper, lead and zinc.

　　廢棄汽車和家用電器如冰箱和空調也含有此類稀有金屬，此外還有基本金屬如鐵、銅、鉛和鋅。

　　Recycling or refining companies either collect or purchase tons of this e-waste and industrial scraps. They then use chemical processes to separate the various metals.

　　回收公司、精煉公司收集或購買上噸的電子垃圾和工業廢料。然後利用化學反應分離不同的金屬。

　　Much of this work takes place in developing countries such as China, India and Indonesia.

　　這種工作大多在發展中國家如中國、印度和印度尼西亞完成。

　　Does Japan have enough for 2020?

　　日本有足夠的電子垃圾來生產2020年的所有獎牌麼?

　　Japan has one of the highest recycling rates in Asia, according to OECD data. However, this mainly applies to plastic, paper and glass.

　　經濟合作與發展組織OECD的資料顯示，亞洲擁有最高回收率之一的國家就是日本。然而，他們回收的主要是塑料、紙張和玻璃。

　　About 650,000 tonnes of small electronics and home appliances are discarded in Japan every year, the Nikkei newspaper said. However, it is estimated that less than 100,000 tonnes is collected for recycling.

　　日經新聞稱每年日本有約65萬噸的小型電子裝置和家用電器被丟棄。然而，其中回收再利用的預計不到10萬噸。

　　So for the 2020 Games, Japan will probably have to ask individual countries or companies to contribute towards the recycled metal collection effort.

　　所以為了2020年的奧運會，日本可能需要請求其他國家或公司共同幫助參與回收金屬。

　　How much metal is needed?

　　需要多少金屬?

　　The amount of metal needed will depend on the size and number of medals, since each year, they seem to get bigger and heavier.

　　所需的金屬數量取決於獎牌的大小和數量。每一年獎牌都在變得越來越大，越來越重。

　　Five new sports have also been added to the Tokyo 2020 competition, including baseball, karate, skateboarding, sport climbing and surfing.

　　2020年奧運會新加了五項運動，分別是棒球、空手道、滑板、運動攀巖和衝浪。

　　The 2016 Rio Olympics had the largest medals of any games, weighing in at 500g each and 1cm thick in the middle.

　　2016里約奧運會的獎牌大小是有史以來最大的，重500克，中間厚1釐米。

　　The Brazilian Mint produced 5,130 medals in total, up from the 4,700 made by London's Royal Mint for the 2012 Games.

　　巴西鑄幣局總共製造了5130枚獎牌，超過了倫敦皇家鑄幣局為2012年奧運會製造的4700枚獎牌。

　　How much will it cost?

　　花費多少?

　　It may end up being cheaper using recycled metals than buying it on the spot market.

　　使用回收的獎牌會比在現貨市場上買便宜。

　　A little-known fact is that the gold medals are mostly made out of sterling silver and the bronze metals are mostly made out of copper.

　　一個鮮有人知的事實是金牌大多是由標準純銀製成，銅牌則大多由青銅製成。

　　Isn't that rather sneaky?

　　這是不是有點“卑鄙”?

　　The IOC minimum requirement for a gold medal is 6g of the pure yellow metal.

　　國際奧委會對金牌的要求是至少要有6克的金。

　　If the medals were made of pure gold, the overall cost would run into tens of millions of dollars.

　　如果獎牌是純金的，那麼總花費將達到幾千萬美元。

　　Gold is currently about 70 times more expensive than silver. But some market experts think that may change by 2020.

　　現在金的價格比銀貴70倍。但是一些市場專家認為到2020年形勢會有所變化。

　　Global silver reserves continue to shrink as demand is exceeding supply and we mine only 11oz of silver for each ounce of gold, said Gregor Gregersen, the founder of Silver Bullion in Singapore.

　　全球銀儲存量在逐漸減少，供不應求。新加坡Silver Bullion的創立者格雷格爾·格雷格森說，我們每挖出一盎司的金，只能挖出十一盎司的銀。

　　3

　　一天應該刷幾次牙?專家教你怎樣刷牙才對牙齒最好

　　It's a habit which has been drummed into us from an early age, but the recent news about flossing your teeth could be a waste of time has put the spotlight on oral hygiene.

　　我們從幼時就開始培養刷牙的習慣，但最近卻有報道稱用牙線剔牙純屬浪費時間，這也引發了人們對口腔衛生問題的關注。

　　When it comes to looking after our teeth, there are certain pieces of wisdom which we've incorporated into our routines.

　　說起清潔牙齒，其實我們身邊存在很多種日常潔牙的方法。

　　But in the wake of the news about flossing, when it comes to oral hygiene, how much does your average person know about what we should be doing - and which habits do we need to ditch?

　　但是在有關牙線潔牙無用的報道出來後，人們開始關注口腔衛生問題，但究竟哪些是我們應該做的，又有哪些習慣是我們應該摒棄的?

　　For example, how many of us know how long we SHOULD brush or teeth for and how often? And what are we doing wrong?

　　還有一些問題比如，刷牙應該刷多久?多久應該刷一次?我們的哪些行為是錯的呢?

　　MirrorOnline spoke to the British Dental Association’s scientific adviser, Professor Damien Walmsley, who kindly put together this definitive list of "dos and don'ts."

　　《鏡報》網站採訪了英國牙科協會的科學顧問——達米恩•沃姆斯利教授，他為我們整理出了一份注意事項的清單。

　　How often? 多久刷一次牙?

　　"The best way to prevent tooth decay is to brush teeth twice daily with a fluoride toothpaste to remove plaque, limit the frequency, and amount of sugary food and drinks consumed in your diet, and see the dentist regularly.

　　“預防蛀牙的最好辦法就是一天用含氟牙膏刷兩次牙，因為含氟的牙膏可以幫助去除牙菌斑，除此以外還需要控制含糖飲食的次數和攝入量，並定期看牙醫。”

　　Don'ts 該避免的事：

　　1. Brush for long enough – research indicates that people only brush for 45 seconds

　　1. 刷牙時間不要太短。研究發現很多人刷牙只刷45秒左右。

　　2. Rinse the mouth after brushing – fluoride helps to prevent, control and even stop tooth decay – but rinsing the mouth out dilutes the concentration of fluoride, so SPIT, don’t rinse.

　　2. 刷牙後不要使勁漱口。氟化物能預防、控制甚至讓齲洞停止進一步發展，但使勁漱口會稀釋氟化物，所以直接吐出來就好了。

　　3. Brush too soon after eating – as enamel on teeth is softened after eating especially with sugary foods – it’s best to wait an hour before brushing which allows the tooth to harden up more.

　　3. 進食後切勿立馬刷牙。進食後——尤其是吃了甜食後——牙釉質會軟化，所以最好過一個小時等待牙釉質恢復後再刷牙。

　　4. Use a hard bristle toothbrush as this can damage the soft tissues in the gums.

　　4. 別用硬毛牙刷。硬毛牙刷會傷害牙齦組織。

　　5. Don't brush too hard – the bristles should lightly sweep the tooth.

　　5. 刷牙不要太使勁。刷毛應該輕輕掃過牙齒。

　　Dos 應該做的事：

　　1. Brush for at least two minutes, twice daily, with a fluoridated toothpaste

　　1. 每天至少用含氟牙膏刷牙兩次，每次刷兩分鐘。

　　2. Brush last thing at night and at least on one other occasion

　　2. 臨睡前再刷牙。

　　3. Use a small headed toothbrush with medium bristles.

　　3. 最好用中等硬度刷毛的小頭牙刷。

　　4. Put a pea-sized blob of fluoride toothpaste on your toothbrush.

　　4. 只需要擠豌豆大小的含氟牙膏在牙刷上。

　　5. Brush along the gum line as well as the teeth themselves

　　5. 刷牙齒之外也要沿著牙齦線刷一下。

　　6. Brush all surfaces of the teeth, including the outer, inner and chewing surfaces as well as the hard-to-reach back teeth and areas around fillings, crowns or other restorations.

　　6. 牙齒每一面都要清潔到，包括牙齒外面、裡面和咀嚼面，別忘了刷難以夠到的後槽牙和包括填充物和牙冠在內的修復牙體周圍。

　　If you have spaces between teeth, it is best to clean these with an interdental or single-tufted brush. Where the spaces between teeth are too tight to fit such a brush, use dental floss or tape.

　　如果你的牙齒間有縫隙，那最好用牙間刷或者單簇牙刷來刷牙縫。如果牙間縫隙很小容不下這種牙刷的話，可以使用牙線或潔牙帶。

　　7. If you are unsure about the effectiveness of brushing, use disclosing tablets after brushing to highlight any areas you may have missed.

　　7. 如果刷牙後你還不放心，不妨用一點牙菌斑顯露片，可以幫助你找到沒刷乾淨的地方。

　　There is good evidence that a small-headed counter oscillating electric toothbrush helps in removing dental plaque but they must be used correctly and your dentist or hygienist will advise.

　　很多研究證據表明使用小頭反震盪電動牙刷有助於去除牙菌斑，但使用方式要正確並遵循牙醫或牙科保健員的建議。

　　Plaque 牙菌斑

　　Plaque is a sticky film of bacteria that covers your teeth and gums. It develops constantly and you clean it off every day when you brush your teeth. Certain harmful oral bacteria feed on the sugars you eat to create acids that destroy the tooth enamel.

　　牙菌斑是覆蓋在牙齒和牙齦上的一層頑固細菌，並會不斷增長，你需要在每天刷牙時清除掉這些菌斑。你攝入的糖分會“滋養”一些有害的口腔細菌，併產生有害牙釉質的酸類物質。

　　Cavities are a bacterial infection created by acids, that cause your teeth to experience a hole in them.

　　齲洞就是細菌侵蝕的表現，酸類物質會導致牙齒上逐漸出現孔洞。

　　The more sugar you eat, the more acid you will create in your mouth, and the more acidic attacks your teeth are exposed to, the higher the risk of developing tooth decay.

　　你攝入的糖越多，你口腔裡產生的酸類物質也就越多，牙齒也會隨之遭受更嚴重的酸性侵蝕，造成蛀牙的機率也會更大。