考研英語經濟類閱讀理解及原文翻譯

　　經濟，一直以來在考研英語中，大家在閱讀理解的題型上覺得遇到的次數多麼?下面是小編給大家整理的，供大家參閱!

　　：OPTIONS AHOY

　　Why investors like Korean blue chips

　　DESPITE the world economic downturn, South Korea's stockmarket has this year outperformed those of all other countries bar Russia. Its composite stock pri

　　ce index ***Kospi*** has risen by more than 25% since January 1st. The rally, which has been driven by foreign buying, is expected to continue next year, for two reasons: encouraging economic fundamentals, and the introduction of derivatives so beloved of the world's hedge funds.

　　On January 28th next year the Korea Stock Exchange is due to introduce option contracts on the shares of seven listed companies: SK Telecom, Korea Electric Power, Korea Telecom, Samsung Electronics, Hyundai Motor, Pohang Iron & Steel and Kookmin Bank. And as early as July, the Financial Supervisory Commission is expected to allow investment banks to sell over-the-counter derivatives, such as equity or interest-rate swaps. Trading volume on the exchange will increase accordingly, says Lee Wonki at Merrill Lynch. Foreigners hold nearly 90 trillion won ***$70 billion*** of Korean shares, 37% of the market. Their slice of the trading of Kospi 200 index futures and options rose to 10% this year, from about 5% a year ago. But the Kospi index, covering 200 companies, is not the best way to hedge foreign portfolios, which are invested mainly in the seven blue-chip shares. Yet derivatives alone will not sustain Korean equities unless the economy turns around. There are signs that it has reached bottom, with real GDP estimated to have grown by at least 2.8% this year ***slower than last year but higher than earlier forecasts of 2% or less***. Jin Nyum, the finance minister, predicts that, although exports may suffer next year if the Japanese yen continues to fall, domestic demand and public spending will help real GDP to grow near to the country's full potential of 5%.

　　Some analysts argue that the recent market rise has been caused by investors' blind faith in bank and technology shares. The latter rallied last month, but then hesitated as Micron, an American memory-chip maker, blew hot and cold on taking a stake in or allying with Hynix, Korea's debt-laden maker of memory chips.

　　Nevertheless, the rally is likely to continue, says Koh Wonjong, of SG Securities in Seoul. That is because South Korea's industries are more diversified--into information technology, cars, shipbuilding, steel and services--than those of other Asian countries. In Taiwan, telecoms, media and technology shares account for 80% of the market.

　　The restructuring of some big companies, such as Hynix and Daewoo Motor, remains incomplete, as does bank reform. But the past four years of financial and corporate change may soon pay off. For many companies, balance-sheet problems have turned into the need to measure profits, a far more welcome task.

　　Economist; 12/22/2001, Vol. 361 Issue 8253, p86, 1/2p, 1 graph

　　詞彙註釋

　　bar prep. 除…之外

　　rally n. 重整;***市場價格*** 回升，跌後復升;恢復健康; 振作精神;集會, 大會;汽車賽會

　　over-the-counter【證券】 ***不通過交易所***買賣雙方直接交易的，場外交易的***每位買者或賣者都是經過協議與議價來達成股票的買賣***

　　option n. 選擇權, [經]買賣的特權

　　interest-rate swap 利率掉期;利率調期

　　won [wCn] n. [sing., pl. ]圓***南北朝鮮的貨幣單位***

　　index futures 指數期貨

　　hedge n. [經]對衝

　　blow hot and cold ***on, about*** 出爾反爾;三心二意; 反覆無常; 拿不定主意

　　stake [steIk] n. ***木頭或金屬的***柱，樁;股份;利害關係

　　have [take] a stake in sth. 與某事有利害關係，與…休慼相關

　　debt-laden 債臺高築的

　　pay off 還清;償清;報復;償還;結清工資解僱***某人***;成功

　　參考譯文

　　選擇權在招手

　　為什麼投資者對韓國藍籌股情有獨鍾?

　　儘管世界經濟不景氣, 但今年南韓的股市行情卻比除俄國以外其他國家的股市都好。自1月1日以來，韓國股市的綜合股價指數***Kospi***上升了25%。因外國股東購買股票而使韓國股市跌後復升的情況明年還有望持續下去，原因有二：它遵循令人鼓舞的經濟基本法則;引入了為世界對衝基金所鍾愛的衍生工具。

　　明年1月28日，韓國的證券交易所就將引入以下七家上市公司股票選擇權契約：SK電信、韓國電力、韓國電信、三星電子、現代汽車、浦項鋼鐵和韓國國民銀行。7月份，預計金融監督管理委員會允許投資銀行出售場外衍生工具，如股權或利率調期。證券市場的交易額也將相應增加, 美林集團總裁Lee Wonki說。外國股東持有近90兆韓圓***700億美元***的韓國股票, 佔整個股市的37%。他們的綜合股價指數200期貨和選擇權的交易額從一年前的約5%上升到今年的10%。但涉及200個公司的韓國綜合股價指數不是限制外國股票投資的最好方式。

　　外國投資者的投資方向主要集中在七個藍籌股上。單衍生工具一項並不能支撐得起韓國的權益股本，除非經濟明顯好轉。有跡象顯示，韓國的經濟已降至谷底，今年韓國真實的國內生產總值估計至少增長了2.8%***低於去年的水平，但高於原先預測的2%或以下***。韓國財政部長陳稔預言，雖然出口明年也許會受一些損失，但如果日元繼續下跌，國內需求和政府開支將有助於真實的國內生產總值增長到全國全部潛能的5%。

　　有些分析人員爭辯說，最近的市場攀高是由於投資者輕率盲目相信了銀行和科技股造成的。後者***科技股***上個月跌後復升, 但隨後又像美光科技***美國的一家記憶體晶片生產廠家***那樣出現徘徊不前的局面，這使那些與現代***韓國債臺高築的記憶體晶片製造商***利害相關或與之結盟的投資者拿不定主意。

　　然而, 股市上升走勢可能還會繼續下去, 設在漢城的SG證券Koh Wonjong說，這是因為南韓的產業界比其它亞洲國家的產業界更具多樣化——它有資訊科技、汽車、造船、鋼鐵和服務業等行業，而在臺灣，電信、媒介和技術股佔了整個股市的80%。

　　對某些大公司——譬如現代和大宇汽車——的重組像銀行改革一樣尚不完善。但過去四年金融界和產業界所發生的變化不久可能會初見成效。對許多公司而言，資產負債表***問題處理***法已經成為衡量利潤的需要，一項更合時宜的任務。

　　：Clattering over a moonscape

　　The great railway revival

　　THE train was running late, but the 35 aboriginal children who had travelled for two hours through the South Australian desert to meet it did not seem to

　　mind. It was, after all, Australia’s and one of the world’s most unusual train journeys. When the Indian Pacific passenger train finally ground to a halt at Watson, a siding on Australia’s transcontinental line, the children burst into a rendition of a Spanish Christmas song, "Feliz Navidad", as Father Christmas disembarked to distribute gifts.

　　Watson is a red desert moonscape on the Nullarbor Plain at the eastern end of the world’s longest stretch of straight rail track, 478km ***297 miles***. This is a mere one-tenth of the 4,352km, three-day journey the train was making between Sydney on Australia’s east coast and Perth on the west coast. The Indian Pacific and its predecessors, such as the Tea and Sugar Train that took provisions to isolated outback communities, were once symbols of Australia’s conquest of its vast distances. But by the 1990s, air travel and the neglect of Australia’s railways by their federal and state-government owners almost killed the last east-west passenger train.

　　After threatening to close the loss-making Indian Pacific, the federal government in Canberra sold it and the Ghan, another outback passenger train, to Great Southern Railway ***GSR***, a British-owned private consortium, in 1997. GSR has now turned a first-year loss of A$20m ***$15m*** into a small operating profit by restoring rolling stock, hiring young, multi-skilled, non-unionised crews and re-marketing the trains to locals and tourists alike. One innovation was to send the Indian Pacific on a whistle-stop Christmas run taking gifts and music to the outback. This year’s journey, the fifth, with impromptu concerts at remote sidings by Jimmy Barnes, an Australian rock star, drew the biggest crowds so far. Broken Hill, a town in western New South Wales struggling since its big silver, lead and zinc mine started winding down, now relies on the Indian Pacific’s tourist passengers for economic lifeblood.

　　The Ghan’s revival on the north-south transcontinental line has been even more remarkable. The 65,000-plus passengers it carried through the Northern Territory in 2004 were 60% more than in the previous year. Public interest grew after the opening of a new line between Alice Springs and Darwin, allowing people to make the two-day journey from Adelaide by rail for the first time. GSR plans to double the Ghan’s frequency in 2005.

　　The railway revival still has inefficiencies to overcome. The Indian Pacific competes for space on the single track with trains that carry 80% of the freight between Australia’s east and west coasts. Though most of the line is straight and flat, speed limitations mean this is not a journey for anyone in a hurry.

　　--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

　　Economist; 12/18/2004, Vol. 373 Issue 8406, p54-54, 2/5p

　　注***1***：本文選自Economist; 12/18/2004, p54-54, 2/5p;

　　注***2***：本文習題命題模仿物件2004年真題Text 1;

　　1.What was the Indian Pacific like before its selling to GSR?

　　[A]It always posed a threat to the federal government.

　　[B]It was mainly used for carrying cargos.

　　[C]It almost broke down and collapsed.

　　[D]It helped Australia conquer its vast land.

　　2.Which of the following is not true about “the Indian Pacific”?

　　[A]It was not popular with passengers with its low speed.

　　[B]It used to be a symbol of Australia’s conquest of its vast distance.

　　[C]It almost disappeared because of the air travel and the neglect of Australia’s railway.

　　[D]Many ways have been adopted to revive it.

　　3.The main idea of paragraph 3 and paragraph 4 is that __________.

　　[A]what is the use of reviving the railway

　　[B]what effect the revival of the railway has brought about

　　[C]how to deal with the difficulties in the development of railway

　　[D]how the measures are adopted to revive the collapsing railways

　　4.What benefit can the revival of the railway bring to some remote and rural area?

　　[A]It can bring happiness to the children there.

　　[B]It can help develop the economy.

　　[C]It can lessen the burden of the government.

　　[D]It can bring a lot of job opportunities.

　　5.What difficulty is the Indian Pacific facing today?

　　[A]The train goes so slowly that many people will not take it.

　　[B]The space for developing the Indian Pacific is not large enough.

　　[C]The frequency of using the single track line is low.

　　[D]Carrying passengers is less profitable than carrying the freight.

　　答案：CADBC

　　篇章剖析

　　本文介紹了澳大利亞一些通往內地的乘客列車由於某些原因幾乎陷入關閉的境地，現在澳大利亞正在掀起復興鐵路的熱潮。第一段介紹了世界上最不尋常的一次火車旅行;第二段指出曾一度是澳大利亞征服這片遼闊疆域的標誌的列車它們現在的境遇;第三段和第四段指出復興這些鐵路所採取的措施;第五段指出這些列車所面臨的一些問題。

　　詞彙註釋

　　clatter vi, vt. 發出得得、卡嗒、丁當、嘩啦啦、格格等響聲;嘁嘁喳喳講話;***車輪轉動時***發出急促的敲擊聲

　　moonscape n. 月的表面***景色***;月面似的荒涼景色

　　grind vi. 磨, 碾, 研; 磨碎[光、快];磨擦得嘎嘎響;刻苦用功

　　siding [5saidiN] n. ***=sidetrack******鐵路***旁軌, 岔道, 側線

　　transcontinental adj. 橫貫大陸的, 大陸那邊的, <主加拿大>橫穿大路的列車***或鐵路***

　　rendition [ren5dIF***E***n] n.表演, 演唱, 翻譯

　　Nullarbor [`nQlEbR:***r***] Plain 納勒博平原[澳大利亞西南部]***火箭製造基地和試驗場***

　　Perth 珀斯***也譯佩思******澳大利亞西南一城市***

　　predecessor [5pri:dIsesE***r***; ***?@*** 5predEsesEr] n.前輩, 前任, ***被取代的***原有事物

　　provision [prE5vIV***E***n] n.供應, ***一批***供應品，補給物;預備, 防備, 規定

　　outback [5aJtbAk] n.內地, ***指澳大利亞等偏僻而人口稀少的地方***

　　neglect n. ***常與of連用***疏忽;忽略;被忽略的狀況;被忽略的事實

　　the Indian Pacific, the Ghan and the Overlander, The Great Southern Railway均為澳大利亞鐵路線的名稱，分別是“印度太平洋”、“甘”、“陸地旅行” 和“大南方鐵路” 等線路。

　　distance n. 寬闊的區域，一片沒有指定界限的空間

　　rolling stock n. 機車車輛***鐵路或汽車運輸公司的***車輛***總稱***，全部車輛

　　whistle-stop n. ***AmE.*** ***鐵路沿線的***小鎮;***競選演說旅途中的***遊說;短暫停留***露面或發表簡短演說***

　　run n. 短期旅行或訪問;為公共職位而進行的競選

　　wind [waInd] down 鬆開***發條*** 使放鬆下來;把***汽車玻璃***搖下;失去勢頭; 減速; 鬆勁，漸減能量、強度或範圍上漸漸減少

　　lifeblood n.生命必須的血液, 活力的源泉，命脈，生命線

　　難句突破

　　1.When the Indian Pacific passenger train finally ground to a halt at Watson, a siding on Australia’s transcontinental line, the children burst into a rendition of a Spanish Christmas song, "Feliz Navidad", as Father Christmas disembarked to distribute gifts.

　　主體句式：the children burst into a rendition of a Spanish Christmas song …

　　結構分析：“when”引導時間狀語從句，其中“grind to a halt”的意思是“慢慢停 了下來”，“a siding on Australia’s transcontinental line”是“Watson”的同位語;主句中片語“burst into”的意思是“ 突然出現”，“Feliz Navidad”是“a Spanish Christmas song”的同位語，“as”引導時間狀語從句。

　　句子譯文：當這列印第安大西洋旅客列車終於在沃森車站——澳大利亞橫穿大路鐵路的側線——嘎的一聲停下來時，聖誕老人下車開始分發禮物，此時，這些孩子開始歡快地唱起了一首西班牙聖誕節歌曲——《白色聖誕節》。

　　2.GSR has now turned a first-year loss of A$20m ***$15m*** into a small operating profit by restoring rolling stock, hiring young, multi-skilled, non-unionised crews and re-marketing the trains to locals and tourists alike.

　　主體句式：GSR has now turned a first-year loss of A$20m ***$15m*** into a small operating profit…

　　結構分析：本句是一個簡單句，關鍵是理解介詞“by”之後所跟單詞的含義。

　　句子譯文：“大南方鐵路”採取了一系列整頓措施，包括修復機車車輛、僱傭年輕、具備多種技能、未參加工會的乘務人員、向當地居民和旅遊者重新進行市場宣傳等。通過這些措施，它不僅初步扭轉了虧損局面，填補了高達2千萬澳元***1.5千萬美元***的第一年虧損額，還獲得少量營業利潤。

　　題目分析

　　1.答案為C，屬事實細節題。原文對應資訊是“But by the 1990s, air travel and the neglect of Australia’s railways by their federal and state-government owners almost killed the last east-west passenger train.”

　　2.答案為A，屬事實細節題。原文對應資訊是“speed limitations mean this is not a journey for anyone in a hurry.”。列車實行的限速意味著這條線路對於有緊急公務在身的乘客並不適合，並不是針對所有乘客。

　　3.答案為D ，屬主旨大意題。第三段和第四段主要指出為復興這些鐵路所做出的努力和嘗試。

　　4.答案為B，屬事實細節題。從句子“The Indian Pacific and its predecessors, such as the Tea and Sugar Train that took provisions to isolated outback communities, were once symbols of Australia’s conquest of its vast distances.”我們可看出這些火車都是開往偏遠的內地社群的。句子“Broken Hill, a town in western New South Wales struggling since its big silver, lead and zinc mine started winding down, now relies on the Indian Pacific’s tourist passengers for economic lifeblood.”告訴我們布羅肯希爾這個偏遠地區的小鎮現在正借“印第安號”旅行乘客的東風大力發展經濟命脈。

　　5.答案為C，屬事實細節題。原文對應資訊是：“The Indian Pacific competes for space on the single track with trains that carry 80% of the freight between Australia’s east and west coasts.”。

　　參考譯文

　　卡嗒卡嗒越過荒涼之地

　　偉大的鐵路復興

　　火車在晚點執行, 但坐了二個小時火車穿越南澳大利亞沙漠的35個土著居民的孩子似乎對此毫不介意。這畢竟是澳大利亞也是世界上最不尋常的一次火車旅行。當這列印第安大西洋旅客列車終於在沃森車站——澳大利亞橫穿大路鐵路的側線——嘎的一聲停下來時，聖誕老人下車開始分發禮物，此時，這些孩子開始歡快地唱起了一首西班牙聖誕節歌曲——《白色聖誕節》。

　　沃森火車站是納勒博平原上一個荒涼的紅色沙漠景點，位於世界上最長的直線鐵路***478km 或297英里***東線的末端。這僅僅是從澳大利亞東部海岸的悉尼到西部海岸珀斯長達4,352公里的三天旅程的十分之一。“印第安大西洋”和它以前的列車，如曾經向與世隔絕的內地社群運送供應物資的“茶糖列車”, 曾一度是澳大利亞征服這片遼闊疆域的標誌，但在上個世紀90年代以前, 航空旅行以及包括聯邦政府和州政府在內的鐵路所有者對澳大利亞鐵路的忽視幾乎扼殺了這條最後的橫貫東西的旅客列車線路。

　　在堪培拉聯邦政府揚言要關閉長期虧損的印第安大西洋鐵路線之後，它於1997 年把印第安大西洋線路和另一條澳洲內地旅客列車線路——甘鐵路——賣給了一家英國人擁有的私有財團——“大南方鐵路***GSR***”。“大南方鐵路”採取了一系列整頓措施，包括修復機車車輛、僱傭年輕、具備多種技能、未參加工會的乘務人員、向當地居民和旅遊者重新進行市場宣傳等。通過這些措施，它不僅初步扭轉了虧損局面，填補了高達2千萬澳元***1.5千萬美元***的第一年虧損額，還獲得少量營業利潤。其中一項創舉是安排“印第安大西洋號”列車沿著鐵路線做聖誕節短期宣傳訪問，把聖誕禮物和音樂帶給澳大利亞偏僻的內地。今年的聖誕之行是這一創舉的第五次出行，它帶給遙遠鐵路側線各地居民的是澳大利亞搖滾明星吉米•巴尼斯出演的即興音樂會。這次宣傳訪問吸引了成千上萬的觀眾，觀眾人數是迄今為止最多的。布羅肯希爾是新南威爾士西部的一個小鎮。自從當地的大型銀礦、鉛礦和鋅礦開採的勢頭開始下降以來，這個小鎮一直在苦苦掙扎尋找發展出路。現在，它正借“印第安號”旅行乘客的東風大力發展經濟命脈。

　　甘線鐵路是南北橫貫大陸鐵路線上的一條側線，它的復興更顯得非同尋常，引人矚目。2004年，它在北領地承載的旅客量達到65,000多人，比上一年增加60%。自從在麗斯斯普林斯和達爾文之間新建了一條鐵路線後，人們第一次可以從阿德萊德坐火車進行兩日遊，這使公眾出遊的興趣大增。2005年，“大南方鐵路”計劃將乘坐甘線列車的乘客人次增加一倍。

　　復興鐵路仍有許多效率低下的情況需要克服。印第安大西洋鐵路為唯一一條鐵路線上的空間進行競爭。這條線路上的列車運載澳大利亞東部和西部沿海之間地區的80%貨物。儘管這條線路的大部分路段筆直平坦, 但這條線路上對列車實行的限速則意味著這條線路並不適合於緊急公務在身的乘客。

　　：Plumper

　　How does the country’s economy compare with those of the EU?

　　SOME of the concerns surrounding Turkey’s application to join the European Union, to be voted on by the EU’s Council of Ministers on December 17th, are

　　economic-in particular, the country’s relative poverty. Its GDP per head is less than a third of the average for the 15 pre-2004 members of the EU. But it is not far off that of one of the ten new members which joined on May 1st 2004 ***Latvia***, and it is much the same as those of two countries, Bulgaria and Romania, which this week concluded accession talks with the EU that could make them full members on January 1st 2007.

　　Furthermore, the country’s recent economic progress has been, according to Donald Johnston, the secretary-general of the OECD, "stunning". GDP in the second quarter of the year was 13.4% higher than a year earlier, a rate of growth that no EU country comes close to matching. Turkey’s inflation rate has just fallen into single figures for the first time since 1972, and this week the country reached agreement with the IMF on a new three-year, $10 billion economic programme that will, according to the IMF’s managing director, Rodrigo Rato, "help Turkey... reduce inflation toward European levels, and enhance the economy’s resilience".

　　Resilience has not historically been the country’s economic strong point. As recently as 2001, GDP fell by over 7%. It fell by more than 5% in 1994, and by just under 5% in 1999. Indeed, throughout the 1990s growth oscillated like an electrocardiogram recording a violent heart attack. This irregularity has been one of the main reasons ***along with red tape and corruption*** why the country has failed dismally to attract much-needed foreign direct investment. Its stock of such investment ***as a percentage of GDP*** is lower now than it was in the 1980s, and annual inflows have scarcely ever reached $1 billion ***whereas Ireland attracted over $25 billion in 2003, as did Brazil in every year from 1998 to 2000***.

　　One deterrent to foreign investors is due to disappear on January 1st 2005. On that day, Turkey will take away the right of virtually every one of its citizens to call themselves a millionaire. Six noughts will be removed from the face value of the lira; one unit of the local currency will henceforth be worth what 1m are now-ie, about €0.53 ***$0.70***. Goods will have to be priced in both the new and old lira for the whole of the year, but foreign bankers and investors can begin to look forward to a time in Turkey when they will no longer have to juggle mentally with indeterminate strings of zeros.

　　--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

　　Economist; 12/18/2004, Vol. 373 Issue 8406, p115-115, 2/5p

　　注***1***：本文選自Economist;12/18/2004, p115-115, 2/5p;

　　注***2***：本文習題命題模仿2004年真題text 1第1題和第3題***1，3***，2001年真題text 1第2題***2***，1999年真題text 2第2題***4***和2002年真題text 3第4題***5***;

　　1.What is Turkey’s economic situation now?

　　[A] Its GDP per head is far lagging behind that of the EU members.

　　[B] Its inflation rate is still rising.

　　[C] Its economy grows faster than any EU member.

　　[D] Its economic resilience is very strong.

　　2.We can infer from the second paragraph that__________.

　　[A] Turkey will soon catch the average GDP level of the 15 pre-2004 EU members

　　[B] inflation rate in Turkey used to be very high

　　[C] Turkey’s economy will keep growing at present rate

　　[D] IMF’s economic program will help Turkey join the EU

　　3.The word “oscillated” ***Line 3, Paragraph 3*** most probably means_________.

　　[A] fell

　　[B] climbed

　　[C] developed

　　[D] swang

　　4.Speaking of Turkey’s foreign direct investment, the author implies that_________.

　　[A] it’s stock is far less than that of other countries

　　[B] it does not have much influence on Turkey’s economic progress

　　[C] steady GDP growth will help Turkey attract more foreign direct investment

　　[D] Turkey’s economic resilience relies on foreign direct investment

　　5.We can draw a conclusion from the text that__________.

　　[A] foreign investment environment in Turkey will become better

　　[B] Turkey’s citizens will suffer heavy loss due to the change of the face value of the lira

　　[C] the local currency will depreciate with the removal of six noughts from the face value

　　[D] prices of goods will go up

　　答案：C B D C A

　　篇章剖析

　　本篇文章是一篇說明文，介紹了土耳其的經濟狀況。第一段將土耳其的經濟情況和其他幾個歐盟新成員國的經濟情況進行了一下對比，說明土耳其的經濟狀況並非如人們擔心的那樣糟糕;第二段對土耳其這幾年的經濟增長情況進行了簡要介紹;第三段說明土耳其的經濟缺乏彈性以及由此帶來的影響;最後一段說明妨礙投資者的一個因素即將消失。

　　詞彙註釋

　　GDP: 國內生產總值***gross domestic product***

　　accession: [Ak5seFEn] n. 新增, 增加

　　OECD: 經合，經濟合作與發展組織 ***Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development***

　　resilience: [rI5zIlIEns] n. 彈回, 有彈力, 恢復力,

　　oscillate: [5Csileit]v. 振盪

　　electrocardiogram: [] n. .[醫]心電圖, 心動電流圖***略作ECG***

　　inflow: [5inflEu] n. 流入, 流入物

　　deterrent: [] n. 阻礙物

　　nought: [nC:t] n. 無, 零

　　lira: [5liErE] n. 里拉

　　juggle: [5dVQ^l] v. ***常與with連用***耍雜耍

　　indeterminate: [7indi5tE:minit] adj. 在程度、體積、性質或數量上沒有準確確定的

　　難句突破

　　But it is not far off that of one of the ten new members which joined on May 1st 2004 ***Latvia***, and it is much the same as those of two countries, Bulgaria and Romania, which this week concluded accession talks with the EU that could make them full members on January 1st 2007.

　　主體句式：it is not far off that…and it is much the same as..

　　結構分析：這是一個複雜句，句子主體結構是一個並列句，在第一個並列分句裡有一個which引導的定語從句修飾new members，在第二個並列分句裡有一個which引導的非限定性定語從句修飾Bulgaria and Romania，還有一個that引導的定語從句，修飾accession talks。

　　句子譯文：但是和2004年5月1日加入歐盟的十個新成員國之一***拉脫維亞***相比，土耳其差得並不算太遠，而和本週剛剛完成加入歐盟的談判，並將在2007年1月獲得完全成員地位的兩個國家，保加利亞和羅馬尼亞相比則相差無幾。

　　題目分析

　　1. 答案為C，屬事實細節題。根據文章第二段，土耳其的經濟發展“十分驚人”。接著載第二行，作者以資料說明土耳其本年度第二季度的GDP增長“no EU country comes close to matching”，可見其經濟發展速度超過任何歐盟成員。

　　2. 答案為B，屬推理判斷題。根據文章第二段“土耳其得通貨膨脹率自1972年以來首次跌進各位數”可知，以前的通貨膨脹率都在兩位數甚至更多，是非常高的數字。

　　3. 答案為D，屬猜詞題。這個詞的意思可以根據文中第三段所用的明喻判斷出來。文中說，整個1990年代，土耳其的GDP增長就好像“遭受了猛烈的心臟病發作時的心電圖一樣”，可見GDP增長時高時低，峰谷之間的差異較大，所以oscillated最有可能的意思就是“擺動，震盪”，只有A中的swang意思與之相符。

　　4. 答案為C，屬推理判斷題。根據文章第三段，GDP的不規律性是導致土耳其難以吸引外國直接投資的主要原因，可見穩定的GDP增長有助於土耳其吸引更多的外國直接投資。

　　5. 答案為A，屬推理判斷題。文章在第一段和第二段介紹土耳其快速的經濟增長。第三段分析了過去不能吸引急需的外國直接投資的主要原因之一：經濟發展不規律性。文章最後一段介紹了將取消妨礙外國投資者的一個因素。並在文章最末提到：“外國銀行家和投資人現在可以期待今後在土耳其再不用快速心算一串串數不清的零了”。由此可見，土耳其的外國投資環境將變得更好。

　　參考譯文

　　土耳其加入歐盟的申請將於12月17日在歐盟部長會議上進行表決，圍繞該申請的一些顧慮就是經濟問題，尤其是該國的相對貧困問題。其人均GDP還不足2004年之前歐盟15國人均GDP的三分之一。但是和2004年5月1日加入歐盟的十個新成員國之一***拉脫維亞***相比，土耳其差得並不算太遠，而和本週剛剛完成加入歐盟的談判，並將在2007年1月獲得完全成員地位的兩個國家，保加利亞和羅馬尼亞相比則相差無幾。

　　不但如此，用經濟合作和發展組織祕書長唐納德·約翰斯頓的話來說，該國最近的經濟發展“十分驚人”。本年度第二季度的GDP比去年增長了13.4%，這樣的增長速度是任何歐盟成員國都無法匹敵的。土耳其的通貨膨脹率最近剛從1972年以來首次跌進各位數，本週該國剛剛同國際貨幣基金組織達成一項新的為期三年，總額100億美元的經濟專案協議，按照國際貨幣基金執行總裁羅德里戈·萊託的說法，這一專案將會“幫助土耳其…把通貨膨脹率降到歐盟水平，並且增加其經濟彈性。”

　　歷史上該國經濟並沒有很強的韌性。近期如2001年，它的GDP下降超過7%。而1994年，下降超過5%，1999年僅比5%略低。的確，在整個1990年代，該國的經濟就好像一次猛烈的心臟病發作的心電圖記錄那樣來回擺動。這種不規律性是導致該國很難吸引其急需的外國直接投資的主要原因之一***另外還有繁瑣的公事程式和腐敗***。現在這類投資總額***作為GDP的一個百分點***比1980年代的時候還要低，而每年的外資流入量很少能夠達到10億美元***愛爾蘭僅2003年一年就吸引外資超過250億美元，而巴西從1998年到2000年每年的外資流入量都達到了這個數字。***

　　從2005年1月1日起，一個妨礙外國投資者的因素將會消失。到那一天，土耳其將取消其公民自稱為百萬富翁的權利。里拉的面值裡將減少六個零;這樣，當地貨幣的每個貨幣單位將和現在的1百萬里拉等值---也就是0.53歐元***0.70美元***左右。商品將在一整年內用新舊里拉同時定價，但外國銀行家和投資人現在可以期待今後在土耳其再不用快速心算一串串數不清的零了。

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