八年級英語下冊第五單元知識點

　　英語是世界第一大語言，學好英語對以後工作、生活都很重要。下面由小編為你提供的，希望能幫到你。

　　：重要短語和句型

　　1. arrive at 到達***小地方*** arrive in到達***大地方***

　　reach 到達 get to 到達

　　I arrived in Beijing last night . === I reached Beijing last night .

　　== I got to Beijing last night .

　　如果賓語是副詞here, there, home, 要把at \ in \ to省略:

　　arrive here \ there \ home

　　get here \ there \ home

　　2. in front of… 在 …… 的前面 ***某一範圍外的前面***

　　in the front of … 在 …… 的前面***某一範圍內的前面***

　　There are some big trees in front of the classroom building .

　　I like sitting in the front of the taxi .

　　3. take off ***1***起飛 When did the plane take off yesterday ?

　　***2*** 脫下***衣帽等*** He took off his coat as soon as he went into the room .

　　***3*** 取消 They will take off the 5 am train .

　　4. get out ***of *** … 從……離開\出去\下來

　　He tried to get out of bed , but couldn’t .

　　A car stopped and a girl got out of it .

　　但從汽車\火車\船\飛機\馬匹上下來, 用get off … .

　　5.follow ***1*** 跟隨 I followed him up the hill . 我跟著他上了山.

　　***2*** 沿著……前進 Follow this road until you get to the post office .

　　順著這條路一直到郵局.

　　***3*** 聽懂,理解 Could you speak more slowly ? I can’t follow you .

　　***4 ***follow sb. to do sth. 跟著某人做某事

　　Please follow me to read the story .

　　6. amazing 形容詞,修飾名詞 令人驚奇的, 令人驚訝的 what an amazing book !

　　amaze 動詞 使某人驚訝 Your letter amazed me .

　　be amazed at … 對…… 感到驚訝 Everyone was amazed at the bad news .

　　7. shout at 大聲喊叫 多指因生氣而非善意的大聲叫喊

　　Don’t shout at the little boy . He is too young .

　　shout to 大聲喊叫 多指因距離遠而不得不大聲叫喊

　　We should shout to him , or he can’t hear us .

　　8. happen 發生 具體事件偶然的沒有預見的發生

　　***1 *** happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事

　　I happened to meet one of my old friends in the park yesterday .

　　***2 *** sth happens to sb. 某人發生了某事

　　An car accident happened to him last month .上個月他發生了交通事故.

　　take place發生 ***1*** 按計劃進行或按計劃發生

　　Great changes have taken place in China in recent years .

　　最近幾年中國發生了巨大的變化.

　　***2 *** ***運動\ 活動\會議等*** 舉行

　　The meeting will take place next Friday .

　　take the place of 代替, 取代

　　Plastics can sometimes take the place of wood and metal .

　　塑料有時能代替木材和金屬.

　　take one’s place 坐某人的位置, 代替某人的職務.

　　Come to take my place . my seat is near the window .

　　9. anywhere 任何地方 常用於否定句或疑問句中.

　　Did you go anywhere last night ? You can’t get it anywhere .

　　somewhere 某個地方 用於肯定句

　　come and see me . Then we’ll go out somewhere .

　　everywhere 處處, 到處 === here and there

　　I can’t find my pen though I looked for it everywhere\ here and there .

　　10. silence 名詞, 寂靜 \ 無聲

　　There’s nothing but silence in the room . 屋內寂靜無聲 .

　　Keep in silence . 保持沉默.

　　silent 形容詞, 沉默的, 寂靜的

　　The old house was quite silent . 這所老房子寂靜無聲.

　　The cat moved on silent feet . 那隻貓無聲地走動著.

　　11. hear 聽到 Can you hear someone knocking at the door ?

　　***1*** hear of 聽說 , 後接表示人或物的詞

　　I have never heard of him before . 我以前從來沒有聽說過他.

　　*** 2 *** hear about 聽說, 後接表示事件的名詞

　　I’ve just heard about his illness .我剛剛聽說他生病的事.

　　Have you heard about the accident ? 你聽說了那場事故嗎?

　　***3 *** hear from 收到某人的來信

　　I heard from my daughter in New York yesterday .

　　我昨天收到在紐約的女兒的來信.

　　12. 主語 + be + one of the + 形容詞最高階 + 複數名詞 + in \ of 短語 .

　　…… 是……中最……的……之一.

　　This was one of the most important events in modern American history .

　　這是美國曆史上最重要的事件之一.

　　Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in china .

　　13. experience ***1***名詞 經驗, 不可數名詞 ; 經歷, 體驗, 可數名詞

　　Have you had any experience of fishing ? 你有釣魚的經驗嗎?

　　Could you tell us about your experiences in Africa ?

　　你能給我們談談你在非洲的經歷嗎?

　　***2*** 動詞 經歷, 感覺

　　The children experienced many difficulties this time .

　　這次孩子們經歷了許多 困難.

　　experienced 形容詞 有經驗的

　　be experienced in \at doing sth. == have much experience in \ at doing sth.

　　做某事很有經驗.

　　She is an experienced teacher .他是一個經驗豐富的教師.

　　He is very experienced in \at repairing cars . 他修車很有經驗.

　　14. as … as … 和…… 一樣… . 兩個as之間用形容詞或副詞的原形.

　　He works as carefully as she . 他和她一樣工作認真.

　　She is as tall as her mother . 她和母親一樣高.

　　not as … as…. 不如某人…

　　he isn’t as \ so old as he looks . 他不像看起來那麼老.

　　She doesn’t run as \ so fast as her brother .她不如她哥哥跑得那麼快.

　　15. have fun == have a good\ great\ wonderful time ==enjoy oneself玩得開心,過得愉快

　　Did you have fun at the party ?

　　== Did you have a good\ great \ wonderful time ?

　　== Did you enjoy yourself ?

　　have fun doing sth.開心做某事 I’m just having fun playing the guitar .

　　16. accident 事故, 意外遭遇 He was killed in an accident .他死於一起意外事故.

　　traffic accident 交通事故 Many people die in traffic accidents every year .

　　by accident 偶然, 意外地 We met at the airport by accident .

　　17. scared 恐懼的, 害怕的

　　afraid恐懼的, 害怕的 I’m very scared \ afraid . 我很害怕.

　　be scared \ afraid of sth 害怕某物 Are you scared \ afraid of snakes ?

　　be scared \ afraid to do sth害怕做某事

　　He is scared \ afraid to go out at night .

　　be scared \ afraid of doing sth害怕做某事

　　He is scared \ afraid of going out at night .

　　18. think about 考慮 ***某個計劃 *** They are thinking about moving to Beijing .

　　think of 認為 What do you think of the movie ?

　　=== how do you like the movie ?

　　你認為這部電影怎麼樣?

　　think over 仔細思考 We need a few days to think over this matter .

　　：感嘆句.

　　1. what 引導的感嘆句

　　***1*** What a beautiful girl ***she is *** ! 多麼美的姑娘呀 !

　　***2*** What a clever boy *** he is *** ! 多麼聰明的男孩呀 !

　　***3*** What interesting pictures *** they are *** ! 多麼美的圖片呀 !

　　***4*** What tall buildings *** they are *** ! 多麼高的樓呀 !

　　***5*** What delicious food *** it is *** ! 多麼可口的食物呀 !

　　***6*** What bad weather *** it is *** ! 多麼壞的天氣呀 !

　　規律: what + *** a\ an *** + 形容詞 + 名詞 *** + 主語 + 謂語*** + !

　　名詞為不可數名詞或複數名詞時, 形容詞前面不能有a\ an .

　　2. how 引導的感嘆句

　　***7*** How heavy the box is ! 多麼重的箱子呀!

　　How fast he runs ! 他跑得多快呀!

　　***8*** How careful the girl is ! 多麼細心的姑娘呀!

　　How well she plays the piano ! 她的鋼琴彈得多好呀!

　　如果說明的是人或物, 兩種感嘆句可替換. *** 以上***1*** 到***8*** 句 ***

　　：過去進行時

　　1.過去進行時的用法：

　　***1***過去某一時刻正在進行的動作。

　　What were you doing at 8:30 this morning ?

　　When I called him , he was having dinner .

　　***2*** 過去某段時間正在進行的動作。

　　What were you doing from seven to nine yesterday ?

　　I was reading the whole morning yesterday .

　　***3*** when \ while 引導的時間狀語從句中，過去進行時的使用：

　　----- when \ while 當……的時候

　　While引導的從句中, 動詞用過去進行時或表示狀態的延續性動詞

　　when引導的從句中, 動詞用過去式

　　Mary was having dinner when I saw her .

　　While we were swimming , someone stole our clothes .

　　The weather was fine while we were in Beijing .

　　While were talking , the teacher came into the classroom .

　　--------while 然而, 可是

　　He likes reading while I like dancing . 他喜歡看書而我喜歡跳舞.

　　Tom is very confident while Mary is shy and quiet .

　　Tom很自信可是Mary既靦腆又文靜.

　　2.過去進行時的構成：

　　***1***肯定句：主語 + was \ were +動詞ing形式 + 時間狀語。

　　***2***否定句：主語 + was \ were + not + 動詞ing形式 + 時間狀語。

　　***3*** 疑問句：was \ were + 主語 + 動詞ing形式 + 時間狀語 ?

　　肯定回答：Yes , 主語 + was \ were . 否定回答：No, 主語 + was \ were + not .

　　3. 根據例子， 和片語提示，構成類似對話。

　　What were you doing last night ? I was working in the office .

　　Were you working in the office last night ?

　　Yes, I was . No , I wasn’t .

　　***1*** Mr Zhang , make a model plane

　　***2*** Wei Hua , play the piano , at 8:00 this morning

　　***3*** the twins , play computer games , last night

　　***4*** the smiths, watch TV , at noon yesterday