斑馬英語作文

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　　：斑馬

　　Zebras are members of the horse family. They are grass-eating animals in parts of Africa, most famous for their distinctive striped coats. They have muscular bodies , immense speed and strength. They can use powerful jaws and heavy hooves to attack their enemies when threatened. They also have unusually large ears which give these animals a very good sense of hearing .

　　漢語翻譯：斑馬屬於馬科動物，食草，生存於非洲部分地區。因其身上特有的斑紋而得名。斑馬體格健壯，速度驚人，力量巨大。受到威脅時會用它們強健的顎和有力的蹄子對敵人進行攻擊。斑馬的耳朵尤其大，所以聽覺非常敏銳。

　　：斑馬條紋

　　Zebra stripes of beautiful and elegant,is similar between the main mark of recognition

　　To adapt to the environment protection,ensuring its survival as an important means of defence.In the open grasslands and deserts,the dark brown with white stripes,in the sun or moon,reflecting each are not identical,plays a vague or dispersed the body contour effect,eyes look,it is difficult to tell apart with the surrounding environment.This is not easy to expose the target protection,on the animal itself is very favorable.

　　Zebra stripes can be dispersed and weaken the prairie green fly attention,is a means to prevent their bites,the insect is the spread of sleeping sickness medium.,they often bite horse,antelope and other monochrome animal,but give little threat zebra life.

　　It is not fully evolved dark horse.

　　Some engaged in embryo research experts also pointed out,a zebra is not obviously have some white dotted lines,dots and spots,which shows the zebra is in its evolution of a phase transition.Because of these white dotted with white markings still dot the color" substrate",they have not yet fully formed a whole piece of white.Therefore the zebra is likely to be long,with white stripes of dark horse.

　　：斑馬出逃 站馬路上偽裝"斑馬線"

　　Drivers in Germany had to take the Highway Code literally when they were forced to stop at azebra crossing.

　　德國的司機們真正感受了一把交通法規，因為他們遇到了一處“斑馬線” 不得不停車。

　　The animal had escaped from a circus and galloped around the city of Bitburg chased by policeofficers.

　　在德國位元堡市，一隻斑馬從馬戲團逃出，全城疾馳大逃亡，引來警察們的追捕。

　　But baffled cops briefly lost the scent of the animal when it disappeared from view.

　　但在某一瞬間，斑馬竟然從警察們的視線中消失了，他們覺得很困惑。

　　It took them several seconds to realise that the zebra was right in front of them, camouflagedagainst the white markings on the road.

　　警察們過了幾秒才反應過來，這隻斑馬就在正前方，只是它站在馬路上的斑馬線處，讓自己也偽裝成了斑馬線。

　　The animal then waited patiently until its keeper arrived to take it back to the Big Top.

　　這隻斑馬耐心地站在原處，直到自己的主人來了把它帶回了馬戲團。

　　：為啥斑馬身上是條紋

　　Science and technology

　　科學技術

　　Why zebra are striped

　　為啥斑馬身上是條紋

　　Horse sense

　　馬識

　　Are zebra stripes just an elaborateinsect repellent?

　　斑馬身上的斑紋只是精緻的驅蟲器嗎?

　　Imagine what it looks like to a fly

　　想象一下這在蠅的眼裡是幅什麼樣的畫面

　　HOW the zebra got his stripes sounds like the title of one of RudyardKipling's Just So stories.

　　斑馬為什麼會長條紋捏這聽上去有點像Rudyard Kipling的書《原來如此》裡面文章的標題。

　　Sadly, it isn't, so the question has, instead,been left to zoologists.

　　可惜啊，這不是其中的標題，所以這個問題的答案就成了動物學家的任務。

　　But they, too, have let their imaginations rip. Somehave suggested camouflage.

　　然而，這些動物學家們也是天馬行空。一些人認為是保護色。

　　Others suggest they are a way to display anindividual's fitness.

　　其他人則認為條紋是一種個體屬性的彰顯方式。

　　Irregular stripes would let potential mates know thatsomeone was not up to snuff.

　　不規則的條紋給潛在伴侶傳遞出不達標的資訊。

　　One researcher proposed that stripes are to zebrawhat faces are to people,

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　　allowing them to recognise each other, since everyanimal has a unique stripe-print.

　　由於每個斑馬的條紋都獨一無二，可以讓同類彼此辨認。

　　Another even speculated that predators mightget dizzy watching a herd of stripes gallop by.

　　還有些人甚至認為捕食者看到一群條紋在面前飛奔會暈頭轉向。

　　There is,however, one other idea: that stripes are a sophisticated form of flyrepellent.

　　但是還有這樣一種想法：條紋是一種精緻的防蠅器。

　　It was originally dreamed up in the 1980s, but never proved.

　　這種想法產生於20世紀80年代，但是從未被證明。

　　Now, ateam of investigators led by Gabor Horvath of Eotvos University in Budapestreport in theJournal of Experimental Biology thatthey think they have done so.

　　現在，由坐落於Budapest的Eotvos大學的Gabor Horvath帶領著一組研究人員在《實驗生物學報》上發表了一篇論文認為他們證明了這一想法。

　　The original suggestion was that stripes repel tsetse flies.

　　原本的猜想是說條紋是為了避免舌蠅。

　　These insectscarry sleeping sickness, which is as much a bane of ungulates as it is of people.

　　這些小昆蟲帶有昏睡病，對人類和有蹄類動物同樣致害。

　　But tsetses are not the only dipteran foes of zebra and,

　　但是舌蠅並非是斑馬唯一的長著翅膀的敵人，

　　since they arerarely found in the meadows of Hungary,

　　因為舌蠅在匈牙利的草原上並不常見。

　　Dr Horvath plumped for studying analmost equally obnoxious alternative: the horsefly.

　　Horvath轉而研究一種同樣惱人的替代品：馬蠅。

　　Horseflies, too, transmit disease.

　　馬蠅也同樣傳播疾病。

　　They also bite incessantly, thuskeeping grazing beasts from their dinner.

　　它們屬於寄生式叮咬，因此使得這些動物進食減少。

　　Indeed, previous research has shownthat fly attacks on horses and cattle reduce their bodyfat and milkproduction.

　　的確有研究表明被馬蠅襲擊的馬和牛出現了身體脂肪和產奶量下降的現象。

　　Such research has also shown something odd:

　　這些研究還出現了一些奇怪的現象：

　　horseflies attack blackhorses in preference to white ones.

　　相對於白馬，馬蠅更喜歡叮咬黑馬。

　　That fact got Dr Horvath wondering how theywould react to a striped horse—in other words, azebra.

　　這一事實使得Horvath博士十分好奇馬蠅會對一個條紋馬，也就是斑馬作何反應。

　　Actual zebra are hard to experiment on.

　　很難對真實的斑馬做實驗。

　　They insist on moving around andswishing their tails.

　　它們一直在動來動去並且甩著尾巴。

　　The team therefore conducted their study using inanimateobjects.

　　因此這組研究人員用非生命體來進行實驗。

　　Some were painted uniformly dark or uniformly light,

　　一些實驗物件被塗成純白色或者純黑色，

　　and some hadstripes of various widths.

　　還有一些則被塗成寬度各異的條紋圖案。

　　Some were plastic trays filled with salad oil.

　　其中有些是充滿色拉油的塑料架子。

　　Some were glue-covered boards. And some wereactual models of zebra.

　　一些是膠合紙板做的。還有一些是真實的斑馬。

　　They put these objects in a field infested withhorseflies and counted the number of insectsthey trapped.

　　他們把這些實驗物件放到一個充滿馬蠅的場地，然後計算被吸引的馬蠅數目。

　　Their first discovery was that stripes attracted fewer flies than solid,uniform colours.

　　他們第一個發現是條紋的比純色的吸引的馬蠅少。

　　As intriguingly, though, they also found that the leastattractive pattern of stripes was preciselythose of the sort of width found onzebra hides.

　　然而，耐人尋味的是他們還發現吸引力最小的條紋花式正是斑馬身上的條紋樣式。

　　Zebra stripes do, therefore, seem to repel horseflies.

　　因此，斑馬的條紋看起來真的能夠防馬蠅。

　　Exactly why is unclear.

　　至於為什麼會這樣還是個謎團。

　　But Dr Horvath thinks it might be related to a horsefly'sability to see polarised light,

　　但是Horvath博士認為這可能與馬蠅識別偏振光的能力有關，

　　which imposes a sense of horizontal andvertical on an image.

　　偏振光是從水平和垂直方向打在畫面上的。

　　Horseflies are known to prefer horizontal polarisedlight.

　　眾所周知馬蠅偏向於水平偏振光。

　　Possibly, the mostly vertical stripes on a zebra confuse the fly's tinybrain and thus stop itseeing the animal.

　　所以極有可能是斑馬身上垂直的條紋迷惑了馬蠅的小腦袋，因此阻礙了馬蠅發現斑馬。

　　Another obvious question, though, is why other species have not evolvedthis elegant form offly repellent,

　　然而，還有一個顯而易見的問題就是為什麼其他的物種沒有進化出來這種精緻的防蠅方式，

　　and what the consequences would have beenif they had.

　　以及如果其他物種也進化成這樣的後果。

　　If humans, for example, were black-and-white striped,

　　例如，如果人類是黑白條紋的，

　　then thehistory of intercommunal violence the species has suffered when different raceshavemet might not have been quite as bad.

　　那麼當不同種族相遇而遭受的兩族間的暴力歷史或許也沒那麼壞。

　　One for Kipling to have pondered,perhaps?

　　這也許是Kipling需要思考的一個問題?

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