主語補足語如何辨別

　　對於主語補足語，語法家們各有不同的看法。以下是由小編整理關於什麼是主語補足語的內容，希望大家喜歡!

　　主語補足語的簡介

　　主動語態中的賓語補足語，可以轉化為被動語態中的主語補足語。

　　eg. They caught the boy stealing. ***stealing 作為賓語補足語***

　　轉化為被動語態The boy was caught stealing. ***stealing轉化為主語補足語***

　　主語補足語的關係

　　被動語態的主語補足語與主動語態的賓語補足語是密切相關的。例如：

　　***1*** I saw him playing basketball yesterday.

　　***2*** He was seen playing basketball yesterday.

　　句***1***中的含義不是我看見他，而是我看見他正在打籃球。playing basketball是賓語him的補足語。所以叫賓語補足語。

　　句***2***中的含義也不是他被看，而是別人看見他正在打籃球。這裡的playing basketball是主語he的補足語，故稱作主語補足語。主語和主語補足語一起稱作複合主語。所以含有主語補足語的句子一般是被動語態，謂語動詞是可以接複合賓語***賓語+賓語補足語***的及物動詞。句首的主語就是主語補足語的邏輯主語。

　　主語補足語的形式

　　1. 動詞elect, call, name, make, find, leave等後面常接名詞用作主語補足語。例如：

　　① The dog is called Karl.

　　② Coal is sometimes called stored-up sunlight.

　　③ He was found the right man for the job.

　　2. 動詞keep, make, paint, cut, burn, beat, wash, find, consider, wipe等後面常接形容詞用作主語補足語。例如：

　　① The door was painted white.

　　② The old man was found weak.

　　③ The classroom is always kept clean every day.

　　3. 動詞see, watch, hear, feel, listen to, look at, imagine等後面接分詞用作主語補足語。例如：

　　① He is often heard reading English.

　　② The professor was seen making an experiment in the chemistry lab.

　　③ The glass was found broken.

　　④ The classroom was found crowded with people.

　　4.感官動詞see, watch, hear, notice, feel, make等後面接帶to的不定式用作主語補足語。例如：

　　① He was seen to come upstairs.

　　② Ice is known to be in a solid state.

　　③ The spy was ordered to be hanged.

　　5.介詞短語用作主語補足語。例如：

　　① The books in the study must be kept in good order.

　　② He was found in good health.

　　③ English is considered of great importance for us.

　　6. as後面接名詞、形容詞、分詞等用作主語補足語。例如：

　　① English is taken as a useful means for research work.

　　② The news is considered as true.

　　③ The stool is usually thought as having four legs

　　④ The vase is thought as broken.

　　7. 由what引導的名詞性從句用作主語補足語。例如：

　　The boy has been made what he is.

　　主語補足語的判別方法

　　1.看句中的動詞是不是可接複合賓語，而且是不是被動語態，與此同時還要看其後部分的邏輯主語是不是句子的主語。

　　2. 另一種最簡單的方法是：如果還不能看出來就可以把全句改成主動語態，加上一個主語we或people等。改成主動語態後，看後面是不是變成了“賓語+賓語補足語”了，這樣我們就可以判別原句後面是不是主語補足語。例如：

　　被動句：She was found reading in the library. ***主語補足語***

　　主動句：We found her reading in the library. ***賓語+賓語補足語***