常用的英語因果的短語

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　　1

　　As he has been in prison several times, he is a prime suspect for the case.由於他坐過幾次牢，他是此案件的主嫌犯。

　　Now that these studies have provided us with more convenient, versatile antibiotic strategies for treating low-risk patients with fever and neutropenia, outpatient treatment of these diseases seem justified.由於這些研究提供我們較方便、多用途的抗生素，以治療患有發燒以及嗜中性白血球減少症的低危險群患者，那麼以門診方式處理這些疾病似乎就顯得名正言順。

　　Criticism is necessary in that it helps us to correct our mistakes.批評是必要的，因為批評有助於我們改正錯誤。

　　The reason why we failed is that the costs were too high.我們失敗的原因是成本太高。

　　He complains with reason that he has been punished unfairly.他有所抱怨，理由是他受到的處罰不公平。

　　There is no reason to believe that he is dishonest.我們沒有理由相信他是不誠實的。 Give me your reasons for doing it.告訴我你這麼做的理由。

　　For these reasons, it appears that the patients we studied viewed "alternative" medicine as a complement to rather than an alternative to established medical practices for treating breast cancer.基於這些理由，我們研究的病患似乎把另類療法視為治療乳癌的補充療法，而非替代療法。

　　The decline in sales is due to several factors.銷售下降要歸咎於若干因素。 Many people are unemployed as a result of the economic slump.很多人因為經濟不景氣而失業。

　　As a result, physicians may be reluctant to treat the mother aggressively at the time of initial diagnosis.因此，醫生或許會不願意在初次診斷的時候，就積極的治療這位母親。

　　As a consequence, many researchers routinely violate its requirements.因此，許多研究人員經常違反規定。

　　As a consequence of the results of the aforementioned analyses, patients referring pain located at the right epigastrium were selected and further evaluated.基於前述分析之結果，病患稱右上腹部疼痛的，我們會加以篩選，再進一步評估。

　　Thanks to the new technology, these problems have largely been eliminated.感謝這個新科技，這些問題大體上都消除了。

　　2

　　I lost my card so I have to apply for a new one. 我的卡掉了，所以我必須申請一張新卡。

　　I think, therefore I am.我思故我在

　　I gave him my advice; I hope he may profit thereby.我已經勸告他了，我希望他會因此而受惠。

　　He worked hard, and hence his success.他努力工作，因此就成功了。

　　From this evidence it follows that he is not the murderer.從這項證據推定，他不是凶手。

　　According to the weather forecast, we will have rain tomorrow.根據氣象預測，明天將下雨。

　　Based on a true story, the book portrays the village as a pleasant place.根據真實故事，此本書把這村莊描繪成一個令人愉快的地方。

　　In view of the prisoner's good character hitherto, he was placed on probation.有鑑於此囚犯到目前為止所表現的品行，他獲得緩刑。

　　In light of the new evidence, we decided to take the manufacturer to court.由於這項新證據，我們決定控告廠商。

　　Seeing that he is young, his salary is not so bad.因為他還年輕，他的薪水還不錯。 In consideration of his hard work, we paid him well.因為他工作努力，我們給他豐厚的報酬。

　　Out of consideration for his family, they didn't dismiss him.考慮到他的家庭，他們沒有開除他。

　　Owing to the rain, the match was canceled.因為天雨，比賽取消了。

　　Accordingly, we infer that the cognitive structures proposed by Piaget is not valid for explaining the course of cognitive development during the stage.因此，我們推論，Piaget所提出的認知架構，無法解釋此階段的認知發展。

　　Cell types have been implicated in the etiology of autoimmune diseases.細胞型態一直是自動免疫系統疾病的肇因之一

　　Other factors may all play important roles in the development of progressive liver disease.其他因素在進行性肝病的發展上，也都可能扮演重要角色。

　　Genetic factors are important in the development of most autoimmune diseases.基因在大部分自動免疫疾病的發展上都是重要的因素。

　　What the researchers found, after adjusting for age and other risk factors, was a direct link between how much the men smoked and how sick they got.調整年齡以及其他危險因素後，研究人員發現，抽多少香菸與病情的嚴重性，有直接的關連。

　　Recreational physical activity was inversely related to the risk of cholecystectomy.休閒活動越多，越不會發生膽囊切除手術的需要，兩者在因果關係上成反比。

　　The storm was responsible for most of the damage.這次損失的大部分都要歸咎於這場風暴。

　　We observed a significant association between temperatures and crime rates.我們觀察到天氣溫度與犯罪率之間有重大關連。

　　Our studies support the idea that there is a correlation between genetic defects and certain diseases.我們的研究支援一種看法，那就是，基因缺陷與某些疾病之間有關連。 The increase is attributable to the ad campaign.此項增長要歸功於廣告活動。 The fair weather contributed to the success of the expedition.良好的天氣促成了這次探險的成功。

　　3

　　1.due to

　　due to表示“由於”，可作表語，用於be due to結構，to為介詞，其後需跟名詞、名詞性短語或代詞等;due to也可用作狀語。例如：

　　The high rate of unemployment is due to the recession. 失業率高是由於經濟不景氣造成的。作表語 His success is due to hard work.

　　他的成功是努力工作的結果。作表語

　　The match was cancelled due to rain.

　　因為下雨比賽被取消了。作狀語

　　2.cause/lead to

　　在主動語態的句子中，to cause/to lead to意義相近，表示“導致，引起”。需注意在lead to中to為介詞，其後需跟名詞、名詞性短語或代詞等，另外，lead to不能用於被動語態。例如：

　　The recession caused/lead to the higher rate of unemployment.

　　經濟的蕭條導致了失業率增高。

　　The higher rate of unemployment was caused by the recession.

　　3.because of

　　because of 是複合介詞，表示“因為”。例如：

　　The high rate of unemployment is because of the recession.

　　I came back because of the rain.

　　因為下雨我就回來了。

　　Crime can occur because of poverty.

　　犯罪可因貧窮而造成。

　　Because the duration of action of the toxin is limited, treatment of ten must be given about every three months. 因為此毒素的作用時期是有限的，每三個月必須治療一次。 Because of his incompetence, we lost a lot of business.因為他的能力不足，我們失去很多生意。

　　Just because I don't complain doesn't mean I'm satisfied.就因為我不發怨言，並不表示我很滿意。

　　Since this research cannot be justified on the basis of its therapeutic benefit for the patient, it must be considered nontherapeutic.由於此研究不能以治療帶來的利益來衡量，我們必須從治療以外的角度來看此研究。

　　The argument is fallacious, for it is based on a set of factual flaws.這段論述是謬誤的，因為它的基礎與事實不符。

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