英語長句子

　　在英漢翻譯實踐中,英語長句的翻譯一直是難點之一。長句翻譯也是整個翻譯過程中非常重要的一部分,其翻譯質量的好壞直接影響到全文的質量。下面小編介紹給你們，希望對你們有用。

　　如下：

　　We’re giving people high-quality, healthful products and an opportunity to make choices that have a beneficial effect on the world. 2006年6月

　　【分析】本句為複合句。主句為We’re giving people high-quality, healthful products and an opportunity to make choices。that 引導定語從句，修飾 choices，that 在從句中作主語。to make choices 作 opportunity 的定語。

　　【譯文】我們提供高質量和健康的產品，提供做選擇的機會，他們可以選擇對世界有益的產品。

　　When we designed America’s first so-called “green” office building in New York two decades ago, we felt very alone. 2006年6月

　　【分析】本句為複合句。主句為 we felt very alone。when 引導時間狀語從句。

　　【譯文】二十年前，在紐約設計美國第一個所謂的“綠色”辦公大樓時，我們感到勢單力薄。

　　The “energy-efficient” sealed commercial buildings constructed after the 1970s energy crisis revealed indoor air quality problems caused by materials such as paint, wall covering and carpet. 2006年6月

　　【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主幹為 buildings revealed problems。過去分詞短語 constructed after the 1970s energy crisis 作後置定語，修飾buildings;caused by materials 作後置定語，修飾 problems。注意，過去分詞作後置定語，相當於一個定語從句。

　　【譯文】20世紀70年代能源危機後建造的節能型封閉性商業建築暴露出由油漆、牆紙和地毯等材料引起的室內空氣質量問題。

　　So for 20 years, we’ve been focusing on these materials down to the molecules, looking for ways to make them safe for people and the planet. 2006年6月

　　【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主幹為 we’ve been focusing on these materials。looking for ways to make them safe for people and the planet 是現在分詞短語作目的狀語。

　　【譯文】因此，二十年來，我們集中研究這些材料，直至分子層面，以尋求方法使它們於人體和地球無害。

　　“As sleep-deprived people ourselves, we started thinking of what to do about it,” says Eric Shashoua, a recent college graduate and now chief executive officer of Axon Sleep Research Laboratories, a company created by the students to develop their idea. 2006年6月

　　【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主幹為“As sleep-deprived people ourselves, we started thinking of what to do about it,” says Eric Shashoua。介詞as意為“作為，當作”，後接名詞作狀語。what to do about it 作 of 的賓語。a recent college graduate and…Research Laboratories 是 Eric Shashoua 的同位語;a company created by the students to develop their idea是Axon Sleep Research Laboratories的同位語。過去分詞短語created by the students to develop their idea 作後置定語，修飾 company。

　　【譯文】“我們自己作為失眠的人，開始思考做些什麼來消除失眠，” Eric Shashoua 說。Eric 為應屆大學畢業生，現任由學生們為發展自己的理念而創辦的一家公司即Axon睡眠研究實驗室的執行長。

　　The headband equipped with electrodes and microprocessor measures the electrical activity of the wearer’s brain, in much the same way as some machines used for medical and research purposes and communicates wirelessly with a clock unit near the bed. 2006年6月

　　【分析】 本句為並列句。句子主幹為The headband measures the electrical activity and communicates with a clock unit。過去分詞短語equipped with electrodes and microprocessor作定語，修飾headband。in much the same way…purposes是方式狀語。used for…purposes是後置定語，修飾machines。

　　【譯文】 裝有電極和微處理器的頭帶與應用於醫學和研究目的的一些機器原理相近，測量佩戴者腦部電流活動並將資訊通過無線網路傳達給床邊的鬧鐘。

　　Interest in pursuing international careers has soared in recent years, enhanced by chronic長久的 personnel shortages that are causing companies to search beyond their home borders for talent. 2006年6月

　　【分析】本句為複合句。句子主幹為 Interest has soared。過去分詞 enhanced 作定語，修飾 Interest，表示被動。that 引導定語從句，修飾 shortages。

　　【譯文】近幾年來，由於長時間的人員緊缺，許多公司都跨出國界尋求人才，從而使得人們到海外尋求工作的熱情和興趣日益高漲。

　　Variables included the slope of the land, the ability of the pavement to support the load, the intensity of road use and the nature of the underlying soil. 2006年6月

　　【分析】本句是簡單句。句子主幹為 Variables included…。並列結構 the slope of the land, the ability of the pavement to support the load, the intensity of road use和 the nature of the underlying soil是included 的賓語。

　　【譯文】變數包括土地的坡度、人行道所能支撐的承受力、道路使用密集度以及下方土地的性質。

　　Long-span, segmented-concrete, cable-stayed bridges such as Hale Boggs in Louisiana and the Sunshine Skyway in Florida, and remarkable tunnels like Fort McHenry in Maryland and Mt. Baker in Washington, met many of the nation’s physical challenges. 2006年6月

　　【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主幹為 Bridges and tunnels met challenges。long-span, segmented-concrete和 cable-stayed是三個並列的合成形容詞作bridges的定語。such as和like表示舉例說明。

　　【譯文】跨度大、混凝土分割、電纜遍佈的大橋，如路易斯安那州的黑爾伯格，佛羅里達州的陽光大道;還有著名的隧道，如馬里蘭州的福特馬克亨利，華盛頓州的貝克山，這些建築的建設都遇到了許多國內自然條件的挑戰。

　　Not only has the highway system affected the American economy by providing shipping routes, it has led to the growth of spin-off industries like service stations, motels, restaurants, and shopping centers. 2006年6月

　　【分析】本句為並列句。句子主幹為Not only has the highway system affected the economy, it has led to the growth。not only…but also 句型屬並列結構，意為“不僅……而且”，but also 可以省略。 not only 在句首，句子謂語要用部分倒裝語序。

　　【譯文】公路系統不但通過提供運輸路線影響美國經濟的發展，還帶動了一批諸如加油站、汽車旅館、酒店、購物中心等相關行業的發展。

　　An educated mother, on the other hand, has greater earning abilities outside the home and faces an entirely different set of choices. 2006年6月

　　【分析】 本句為簡單句。句子主幹為mother has abilities and faces choices。on the other hand是插入結構，分隔了主語和謂語，意為“另一方面”。

　　【譯文】從另一方面來講，一位受過教育的母親，有更多在外賺錢的本事，並且能面對一系列完全不同的選擇。

　　His results, to be presented at the conference on human-computer interaction in Vienna, Austria, in April, have surprised psychologists. 2006年6月

　　【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主幹為 results have surprised psychologists。to be presented…in April 是不定式短語作定語，修飾 results。

　　【譯文】他的研究結果令一些心理學家非常吃驚，他將在四月份奧地利維也納舉行的人機互動交流大會上為大家展現。

　　And economics, with its emphasis on incentives，provides guideposts that point to an explanation for why so many girls are deprived of an education. 2006年6月

　　【分析】本句為複合句。句子主幹為economics provides guideposts。介詞短語 with its emphasis on incentives 是 economics 的伴隨狀語，分隔了主句的主語和謂語。that引導定語從句，修飾 guideposts。why引導賓語從句，作 explanation for 的賓語。

　　【譯文】因為本身強調激勵作用，經濟學對於大多數女孩被剝奪受教育權利的原因作出瞭解釋。

　　Many in-home jobs that used to be done primarily by women - ranging from family shopping to preparing meals to doing voluntary work - still need to be done by someone. 2006年12月

　　【分析】 本句為複合句。句子主幹為 jobs need to be done。 that 引導定語從句，修飾 jobs。 ranging from…to…voluntary work 是現在分詞短語作定語，也修飾 jobs。

　　【譯文】許多過去主要由婦女做的家務活，例如購物、準備晚飯、做義務家務，現在仍然需要有人完成。

　　In fact, New York’s municipal water for more than a century was called the champagne of tap water and until recently considered among the best in the world in terms of both taste and purity. 2006年12月

　　【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主幹為 water was called the champagne and considered the best。 for more than a century 是時間狀語。

　　【譯文】實際上一個多世紀以來，紐約的市政水一直被稱為自來水中的香檳，而且直到現在也被認為是世界上味道最好、最純淨的水。

　　Girls are thus seen as less valuable than boys and are kept at home to do housework while their brothers are sent to school - the prophecy預言 becomes self-fulfilling, trapping women in a vicious circle惡性迴圈 of neglect. 2006年6月

　　【分析】本句為複合句。主句是破折號後的內容，前面則是prophecy的同位語從句。該從句包含一個while引導的比較狀語從句，其中又巢狀一個than引導的比較狀語從句，省略了從句謂語。trapping是現在分詞短語作伴隨狀語。

　　【譯文】所以，與男孩相比，女孩被認為沒有用處而只能待在家裡做家務，而她們的兄弟卻被送去讀書--這樣的預言正如預期的那樣成為了現實，使女性陷入被忽視的惡性迴圈。

　　It starts in the Pacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the trade winds信風, which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds. 2006年6月

　　【分析】本句為並列複合句。主句為It starts in the Pacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by…winds。which 引導非限制性定語從句，修飾 failure。過去分詞短語driven by these winds是the ocean currents的後置定語。

　　【譯文】這種現象首先出現在太平洋，並且被認為是由於信風引起的，信風會對洋流產生影響。

　　A government study recommended a national highway system of 33,920 miles, and Congress soon passed the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1944, which called strict, centrally controlled design criteria. 2006年6月

　　【分析】本句為並列複合句。主句為A government study recommended…, and Congress soon passed the…Act of 1944。 which 引導非限制性定語從句，修飾 Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1944。

　　【譯文】一份政府研究報告建議在全國範圍建設總長33920英里的公路，國會很快就通過了1944年聯邦支援公路的法案，這項法案規定了嚴格的中央控制的設計標準。

　　Traffic control systems and methods of construction developed under the interstate program soon influenced highway construction around the world, and were invaluable in improving the condition of urban streets and traffic patterns. 2006年6月

　　【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主幹為 system and methods influenced construction and were invaluable。第二個and連線兩個並列謂語。developed under the interstate program 是過去分詞短語作後置定語，修飾 systems和methods。

　　【譯文】在州際公路專案下發展的交通控制系統以及建築方式很快影響到了世界範圍公路的建設，併為改善城市街道和交通模式起到了重要作用。

　　By opening the North American continent, highways have enabled consumer goods and services to reach people in remote and rural areas of the country, spurred the growth of suburbs, and provided people with greater options in terms of jobs, access to cultural programs, health care, and other benefits. 2006年6月

　　【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主幹為highways have enabled…to reach people, spurred the growth, and provided people with options。By opening the North American continent 是方式狀語。

　　【譯文】通過開通北美洲路線，公路使得消費品和服務能夠到達住在邊遠地區和農村地區的人們那裡，刺激周邊地區經濟發展，為人們提供更多選擇，如工作、文化活動、保健及其他福利。

　　The technological advances made it possible for the middle classes to enjoy what had once been affordable only to the very rich. 2006年6月

　　【分析】本句為複合句。句子主幹為technological advances made it possible to enjoy…。it作形式賓語，真正的賓語是to enjoy what had once been affordable only to the very rich。what 引導的從句作enjoy的賓語。possible 是made的賓語補足語。

　　【譯文】技術上的進步使中產階級也能享受到那些原來只有有錢人才負擔得起的東西。

　　The clock, called Sleep Smart, measures your sleep cycle, and waits for you to be in your lightest phase of sleep before rousing you. 2006年6月

　　【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主幹為 The clock measures cycle and waits，兩個謂語並列平行。called Sleep Smart 是過去分詞短語作定語，修飾 clock, 表示被動。現在分詞短語 before rousing you 作時間狀語，相當於一個從句：before it rouses you。

　　【譯文】這種稱做“睡精靈”的鬧鐘可以測量睡眠週期，等待人們進入淺眠狀態後才將其喚醒。