四級閱讀理解練習

　　下面是小編整理的，希望對大家有幫助。

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　　Newdays,a standard for measuring power has changed.These changes foretell a new standard for measuring power.No longer will a nation's political influence be based solely on the strength of its military forces. Of course, military effectiveness will remain a primary primary measure of power.But political influence is also closely tied to industrial competitiveness. It's often said that without its military the Soviet Union would really be a third-world nation. The new standard of opwer and influence that is evolving now places more emphasis on the ability of a country to compete effectively in the economic markets of the world.

　　America must recognize this new course of events. Our success in shaping world events over the past 40 years has been the direct result of our ability to adapt technology and to take advantage of the capabilities of our people for the purpose of maintaining peace. Our industrial prowess over most of this period was unchallenged. It is ironic that it is just this prowess that has enabled other countries to prosper and in turn to threaten our industrial leadership.

　　The competitiveness of America's industrial base is an issue bigger than the Department of Defense and is going to require the efforts of the major institutional forces in our society-government,industry,and education. That is not to say that the Defense Department will not be a strong force in the process because we will. But we simply cannot be, nor should we be, looked upon by others as the savior of American industry.

　　1. Now a nation's political influence depends on _________.

　　a. the strength of its military forces

　　b. its ability to compete in industry

　　c. economic markets

　　d. both a and b

　　2. The Soviet Union was not listed as a third-world nation just because of _________.

　　a. its powerful military forces

　　b. its vast land

　　c. its industrial competitiveness

　　d. its contributions to world peace

　　3. The author indicates that ______ is threatening American political power.

　　a. other countries

　　b. the declining U.S. industrial base

　　c. a new standard for measuring power

　　d. less advanced technology

　　4. America succeeded in shaping world events over past 40 years probably because of ___________.

　　a. its ability to adapt technology

　　b. its ability to take advantage of the capabilities of its people

　　c. its ability to compete in the world markets

　　d. both a and b

　　5. The purpose of writing this article is __________.

　　a. to draw the readers' attention to a new standard for measuring power

　　b. to demonstrate American political influence in the world

　　c. to emphasize that efforts must be made to strengthen the declining U.S. industrial base

　　d. to show American industrial prowess

　　答案：dabdc

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　　The United States is on the verge of losing its leading place in the world's technology. So says more than one study in recent years. One of the reasons for this decline is the parallel decline in the number of U.S. scientists and engineers.

　　Since 1976,employment of scientists and engineers is up 85 percent. This trend is expected to continue. However, the trend shows that the number of 22-year-olds--the near term source of future PH.D.s-is declining. Further adding to the problem is the increased competition for these candidates from other fields-law,medicine,business,etc. While the number of U.S. PH.D.s in science and engineering declines,the award of PH.D.s to foreign nationals is increasing rapidly.

　　Our inability to motivate students to pursue science and engineering careers at the graduate level is compounded because of the intense demand industry has for bright Bachelor's and Master's degree holders. Too often, promising PH.D.candidates, confronting the cost and financial sacrifice of pursuing their education,find the attraction of industry irresistible.

　　1.The U.S.will come to lose its leading place in technology probably because ________.

　　a. the number of PH.D. degree holders is declining

　　b. the number of scientists and engineers is decreasing

　　c. the number of 22-year-ilds is declining

　　d. scientists and engineers are not employed

　　2.The field of science and engineering is facing a competition from ________ .

　　a. technology

　　b. foreign nationals

　　c. such fields as law, medicine and business

　　d. postgraduates

　　3.Large-scale enterprises now need _______.

　　a. bright graduates and postgraduates

　　b. new inventions

　　c. advanced technology

　　d. engineers

　　4.Many promising postgraduates are unwilling to pursue a PH.D. degree because _________.

　　a. they are not encouraged to be engaged in science

　　b. industry does not require PH.D. holders

　　c. they have financial difficulties

　　d. they will spend much time and energy completing PH.D.

　　5.PH.D. candidates "find the attraction of industry irresistible" means that _________.

　　a. they find industry is attracting more and more college students

　　b. they don't think they can prevent themselves from working for industry

　　c. they cannot resist any attraction from all sides

　　d. they cannot work for industry any longer

　　答案：bcadb