成人高考專升本知識點英語語法***2***

　　B*** 用that不用which的一些特殊情況轉自環 球 網 校edu24ol

　　1*** 先行詞為all, much, little, something, anything, everything, nothing等

　　Is there anything ***that*** I can do for you?

　　2*** 先行詞前有形容詞最高階修飾

　　This is the most exciting report that I have ever read.

　　3***The first step ***that*** we are to take is very difficult.

　　4*** 先行詞同時含有―人‖和―非人‖時，用that 不用which，也不用who/whom

　　He talked about the people and the books that interested him.

　　C*** 關係副詞when, where, why

　　用關係副詞when時，它的先行詞是表示時間的名詞，用where時先行詞是表示地點的名詞，而用why時它的先行詞只可能是reason，使用時應注意以下幾點：

　　1*** 關係代詞的選擇主要是看先行詞在從句中所作的成分

　　This is the city where I was born.轉自環 球 網 校edu24ol

　　This is the city ***which/that*** he has visited

　　I don‘t know the reason why she is late.

　　That is the reason ***which/that*** everybody knows

　　Do you still remember the day when he arrived?

　　Do you still remember the day ***that/which*** we spent together?

　　2*** 關係副詞when,where, why可由―介詞+which‖的結構來替代 Is this the reason for which they came?

　　He left the day on which I came.

　　注意：how 不能用來引導定語從句

　　This is the way how he did it.

　　D*** As 作關係代詞的用法

　　與the same, such連用轉自環 球 網 校edu24ol

　　This is the same book as I read last week.

　　Such books as I have read are classical works.

　　定語從句練習

　　The book ______ is yellow was given to me by Mr. Li.

　　2. Who was the grey-haired old woman ______ at yesterday‘s meeting?

　　A*** we saw her C*** we saw

　　B*** we saw whom D*** she was seen

　　3. He makes good use of the time ______ he can spare.

　　A*** when C*** that

　　B*** in that D*** in which

　　4. I don‘t know the room ______

　　A*** where our headmaster lives in

　　B*** our headmaster lives in

　　C*** in that our headmaster lives

　　D*** in which does our headmaster live

　　5. This is the least interesting book ______

　　A*** which I have ever read C*** what I have ever read

　　B*** I have ever read D*** which I have ever read

　　6. You must do everything _____ I have told you to.

　　A*** which B*** that C*** when D*** how

　　7. Has all _____ can be done _____?

　　A*** what/done

　　C*** that/been done B*** that/be done

　　大家網 11 / 17 D*** what/ already done

　　8. Oct. 1, 1949 is the day _____ even a small child can well remember.

　　A*** when B*** that C*** what D*** why

　　9. That was the room ______ they pretended to be working hard.

　　A*** which B*** in that C*** in which D*** that

　　10. This is the reason ______ I love to read the story.

　　A*** Why

　　B*** because C*** when D*** since

　　11. She had three sons, all ______ became doctors.

　　A*** of which B*** which C*** of whom D*** who

　　12. Have you bought the same dictionary ______ I referred to yesterday?

　　A*** that B*** which C*** what D*** as

　　13. The doctor ______ stepped in.

　　A*** Della was waiting for him

　　B*** whom Della was waiting

　　14. I want to buy such a dictionary _____ you bought last week.

　　A*** that B*** what C*** like D*** as

　　15. This is the TV station ______ we visited last year.

　　A*** Where

　　B*** that C*** to which D*** in which

　　16. Do you still remember the days ______ we spent together in Australia?

　　A*** when B*** during which C*** which D*** on which

　　17. Have you ever asked him the reason _____ may explain his absence?

　　A*** why B*** when C*** that D*** what

　　18. Mary is good at English and mathematics, ______ we all know very well in our school.

　　A*** that B*** what C*** / D*** as

　　19. Let‘s go and visit Mr. Brown, ______ you know visited us last year.

　　A*** that B*** who C*** whom D*** whose

　　20. She is pleased with ______ you have given her and ______ you have told her.

　　A*** that/that B*** what/that C*** what/all what D*** all/what

　　21. I, who ____ your friend, will try my best to help you.

　　A*** be

　　B*** am C*** are D*** is

　　22. I‘ll remember the days and nights ______ we were together in Australia.

　　A*** when B*** that C*** at which D*** at when

　　23. The world ______ is made up of matter.

　　A*** in that we live

　　B*** where we live in

　　C*** on which we live D*** we live in

　　24. This is the most difficult book ______.

　　A*** what I have ever read C*** which I have ever read

　　B*** I have ever read it D*** that I have ever read

　　25. There comes a time in every man‘s life ______.

　　A*** then he has to think C*** when he has to think

　　B*** therefore he has to think

　　D*** about which he has to think

　　26. He spoke confidently, _____ impressed me most.

　　A*** so that B*** that C*** it

　　D*** which

　　27. He took down a square green bottle, _____ he poured into a dish.

　　A*** its content B*** which content C*** the content of which D*** the content of that

　　28.

　　29. All _____ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.

　　A*** what is needed B*** for our needs C*** the thing needed D*** that is needed

　　30. The goals _____ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.

　　A*** after which B*** for which C*** with which D*** at which

　　31. The time is not far away _____ modern communications will become widespread in China‘s vast

　　countryside.

　　A*** when B*** as C*** until D*** before

　　32. The residents, _____ had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross.

　　A*** all whose homes

　　C*** all of whose homes

　　B*** all their homes D*** all of their homes

　　33. Language is a city, to the building of _____ every human being brought a stone.

　　A*** which B*** that C*** it D*** this

　　34. You will want two trees about ten feet apart, from _____ to suspend your tent.

　　A*** there

　　occur.

　　A*** what

　　B*** which 大家網 13 / 17 35. The mere fact _____ most people believe nuclear war would be madness does not mean that it will not C*** that D*** why

　　36. The course normally attracts 20 students per year, _____ up to half will be from overseas.

　　A*** of whom B*** for whom C*** with which D*** in which

　　37. I‘ve never been to Beijing, but it‘s the place _____.

　　A*** where I‘d like to visit

　　C*** in which I‘d like to visit

　　B*** I most want to visit D*** that I want to visit it most

　　38. We grow all our own fruit and vegetables, _____ saves money, of course.

　　A*** which B*** as C*** that D*** what

　　39. Today the public is much concerned about the way _____.

　　A*** nature is being ruined B*** which nature is ruined

　　C*** on which to ruin nature D*** of nature to be ruined

　　常用連詞

　　等立連詞：and , so , not only ~ but also , neither ~ now , or , otherwise , either ~ or , but , yet , still , however , while ,whereas, for

　　主從連詞 that , whether , if

　　連線代詞 who , whom , whose , what , where , which

　　連線副詞 when , where , why , how

　　倒裝句轉自環 球 網 校edu24ol

　　Never , Scarcely , hardly , rarely , little , nowhere , no sooner ~ than , not only , in no case , in no way , on no accoune , at no time , under no circumstances ***這些詞或片語放在句首作壯語時***

　　There be 句型和大多數的疑問句都是倒裝句

　　Here , there , then , thus 等副詞放在句首時，謂語動詞為come , be , exist , follow 等不及物動詞時，句子一般都為全部倒裝 Here is a book for you . Here comes the bus .

　　句首為 so , nor , neither 等副詞時、表明前句說明的情況也適用於本句時 ，句子為倒裝

　　Richard can speak Japanese . So can his sister

　　在虛擬語氣中，非真實條件從句中的連詞省略時，句子為倒裝。這時，倒裝到主語前的助動次 had ,should 和動詞were 。 Had I left a little earlier , I would have missed the train

　　so / nor / neither + 系動詞/ 助動詞 / 情態動詞 + 主語

　　表示前句中謂語所說明的情況也同樣適用於後句中的主語，用到裝。

　　He doesn‘t like music . Nor / Neither do I .

　　在Hardly ~~ when 和 No sooner ~~ than 以及 Not until 的句型中，由於否定詞或否定片語放在句首，主句部分中的主、謂要到裝———助動詞 + 主語 + 動詞原形

　　No sooner had he got well than he left the hospital .

　　直接引語和間接引語轉自環 球 網 校edu24ol

　　John said , ― I ‗m going to London with my father .‖

　　John said that he was going to London with his father .

　　一般疑問句變成以if ***whether *** 引導的賓語從句

　　He said , ―Have you all understood this passage ?‖

　　He asked the class if they had all understood that passage 。

　　祈使句變為動詞不定式， 作等動詞的賓語補足語。表示命令時常用 tell , order 等;表示請求時常用 The manager said to the clerk , ―Be polite to all the clients .‖

　　The manager told the clerk to be polite to all the clients .

　　如主句謂語動詞為各種現在時或一般將來時，間接引語中的動詞仍保持直接引語的原來時態 He says , ― I am very busy reading the book .‖

　　He says that he is very busy reading the book .

　　如主句謂語動詞為過去時，間接引語中的動詞應發生如下變化：

　　一般現在時———一般過去時

　　現在進行時———過去進行時轉自環 球 網 校edu24ol

　　一般將來時———過去將來時

　　現在完成時———過去完成時

　　一般過去時———過去完成時 過去完成時不變

　　直接引語轉換成間接引語時，代詞一般相應變化如下：

　　this -- that last week – the week before

　　therse – those three days ago – three days before

　　now – then tomorrow – the next day

　　today – that day next week – the ***next *** following week

　　this week – that week here -- there

　　yesterday – the day before come – go

　　介詞

　　at 表示確切的時間點或較短暫的一段時間 at two o‘clock

　　in 表示一天中的各部分時間或較長的時間 in the morning , in spring , in 1967

　　on表示具體的某一天或某一天的上午或下午 on Sunday , on Monday afternoon

　　at one time 過去有段時間、從前

　　at the same time 同時轉自環 球 網 校edu24ol

　　on time 按時

　　below 表示低於 ， 溫度低於多少度

　　above 表示高於 ， 溫度高於多少度

　　幾個形容詞修飾一個名詞的時候，排列順序如下：

　　好壞、美醜等 + 大小、新舊、顏色 + 質地、屬性 + 名詞

　　和字首a- 組成的形容詞只能做表語而不能做定語， afraid , alive , alike ,alone , ashamed , asleep , awake etc.

　　非謂語動詞

　　forget to do something 忘了而沒有做某事

　　forget doing something 忘了已做過某事

　　remember doing something 記得已經做過的事情

　　stop to do something 停下正做的事情去做別的事情

　　stop doing something 停下手中正在做的事

　　go on to do something 接下來做另一件事情

　　go on doing something 繼續做一直在做的事情

　　動詞need , want , require 和形容詞 worth 後，可接動名詞的主動形式來表示被動的意義 現在分詞的被動式與及物動詞的過去分詞都表示被動：

　　前者表示被修飾的名詞正在承受的行為 The problem being discussed is important 後者表示承受過了的行為 The problem discussed yesterday was important .

　　情態動詞轉自環 球 網 校edu24ol

　　must + have + 過去分詞，表示對過去的某事做出肯定性的判斷;

　　Need not + have +過去分詞 表示過去做了本沒有必要做的事情

　　主謂一致 ***語法一致、意義一致、就近***

　　謂語動詞用單數：

　　不定式、動名詞或名詞性結構從句作主語時;

　　事件、國名、機構名稱、作品名稱作主語時;

　　one , every , everyone , everybody , each , one of , many a , either , neither , no one , nobody , anybody ,some body 做主語或修飾主語時;

　　表示時間、距離、金錢、體積、數字等詞語作主語表示總量時;

　　a person of , a series of , a kind of 等表示一個、一種、一系列等片語用來修飾主語時; 集體名次作主語表示一個整體概念時。

　　謂語動詞用複數轉自環 球 網 校edu24ol

　　both , few , many , several 等詞語作主語或修飾主語時;***some 不一定***

　　形容詞前加定冠詞用於泛指一類時; 大家網 17 / 17

　　cattle , people , police , clothes 等名詞作主語時; 由and 連線兩個主語時;

　　a number of 修飾主語時。