關於新年的英語手抄報

　　The Spring Festival is coming soon,春節即將來臨,I wish you a happy New Year，小編為大家彙總了一些關於英語手抄報的資料和相關內容，大家可作為參考，希望大家能夠獲得幫助：

　　英語手抄報文章中英互譯

　　What we get wrong about China Global Public Square By Bhaskar Chakravorti, Special to CNN

　　Editor’s note: Bhaskar Chakravorti is senior associate dean of International Business and Finance and founding executive director of the Institute for Business in the Global Context at The Fletcher School at Tufts University. The views expressed are the author's own.

　　We now know who will be leading the two most important nations for the global economy – for the next four years in the United States’ case, and for a decade in China’s. By the time President Obama is ready to leave office, China will have passed the U.S. in GDP terms, at least according to a report by the OECD. But with GDP no longer Chinese leaders’ top concern, the country has its sights set on catching up with the U.S. in another area – innovation.

　　On a recent to visit to speak at the World Economic Forum's Summer Davos in Tianjin, I was struck by the sense of urgency among Chinese leaders to close the gap when it comes to innovation. It was clear to me that it is time for the U.S. to pay

　　close attention, because urgency in China is generally followed by execution.

　　Unfortunately, America has worked itself up over the wrong issues as far as “competitiveness” is concerned: we bemoan the fact that China has taken our jobs and 42 percent of Americans believe that China is already the world’s largest economy, a Pew survey suggested. But those worried about the country’s future would be better served focusing on U.S. competitiveness in innovation, something that has the potential to put this country’s growth back on track.

　　The problem is that there is a general and misplaced belief that China will always be a loser, that it can only imitate, not innovate. Critics argue that its society is too top-down and that American innovation will always be buoyed by Silicon Valley. More from CNN: U.S. needs an infrastructure bank

　　But the reality is that it is naïve to believe China cannot narrow the gap in innovation, and the second Obama administration would do well to consider that America could actually learn a thing or two from across the Pacific. And it could start by grappling with some widely held myths:

　　1. There is no innovation in China, only piracy and imitation. Most innovation begins with imitation; America got its start by imitating inventions from the Old World. Meanwhile, many

　　Chinese

　　2. The Chinese approach to innovation is too top-down and state-led – real innovation only comes from the bottom-up. The Chinese state is committed to bringing China to the ranks of the innovative nations by 2020. Silicon Valley entrepreneurs might shudder at this top-down approach. Yet consider, for example, where the American entrepreneur would be if the U.S. government had not funded the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency that gave birth to the Internet. The state must play a role in investing in foundational innovations, such as the Internet and mobile technologies. Once these foundations are laid, then a competitive bottom-up ecosystem will encourage網際網路文章

　　creative destruction. But sadly, U.S. government investment in such foundational innovations has been on a steady decline.

　　3. Intellectual property rights protection in China is too weak to encourage innovation.

　　China's weaker intellectual property protection could, arguably, make it easier to foster a climate conducive to open innovation. Of course, a balance needs to be struck between open access to intellectual property and protecting it – with no protection, innovation will stall, because investors need returns on their investment. Unfortunately, in the U.S., intellectual property protections block innovation just as much as they promote it.

　　4. In a globalized economy, sustaining innovation requires investment in international markets; China's brand and soft power abroad is weak and dated.

　　Despite several unresolved issues such as territorial disputes and balance of trade, China's influence in the world's

　　fast-growing regions, including Africa, Latin America and East Asia, is growing more rapidly than that of the United States. When Chinese innovations look for inputs or consumers and they turn to these markets, they are likely to have as many

　　opportunities as well-known U.S. brands – perhaps even a better chance. Indeed, when it comes to ties with Africa and Latin America, China is often one step ahead of the U.S.

　　5. China's education model emphasizes rote learning;

　　innovation can only flourish in environments that encourage exploration, critical thinking and a broad education in the liberal arts tradition.

　　The danger with the Chinese approach is that if you don’t expose students to other disciplines and encourage critical thinking, they may lack the breadth to blossom into creative problem-solvers and risk takers. However, the U.S. system has some severe deficits of its own. A recent U.S. Department of Commerce report, for example, highlights a growing gap in science, technology, engineering and mathematics education. Notably, immigrants are the ones filling the education gap – half the start-ups in Silicon Valley were founded by immigrants. Sure, the Chinese model of innovation needs plenty of work, but in many ways China is also learning from the U.S. and following in our early footsteps. As China moves up the curve and adds the uniqueness of its own experience and approach,

　　it may create a new hybrid model that has lessons for other nations, including the United States.

　　Remember, it’s true that the global positioning system is a product of the U.S. Department of Defense. But the Chinese were the ones who gave us the compass in the first place. Chakravorti is author of “The Slow Pace of Fast Change: Bringing Innovations to Market in a Connected World.”

　　編輯注：巴斯卡·查卡拉沃迪是塔夫茨大學弗萊徹學院Fletcher School at Tufts University全球商業研究院的國際商業和金融高階副院長和創始人執行董事。本文僅為作者個人觀點。

　　我們現在已經知道，在全球經濟中最重要的兩個國家，美國在今後的四年，中國在今後的十年，誰將是國家的領導人。當奧巴馬總統將要離任時，中國的GDP將已經超過美國，至少經濟合作與發展組織的報告是這樣認為的。但是，GDP並不是中國領導人最關心的問題，中國將眼光放在了另一個領域--創新，在創新領域追趕美國。

　　我最近一次訪問天津，在世界經濟論壇夏季達沃斯會議上發言，中國的領導人們在談到創新時，表現出要縮小差距的緊迫感，我對此感到了震驚。在我看來，很顯然，美國是時候對此予以關注了，因為在中國，一般來說緊迫接下來就是要有行動了。

　　很不幸，在“競爭力”問題上，美國一直存在錯誤的認識：我們哀嘆中國搶了我們的工作皮尤的一項調查顯示，42%的美國人相信，中國已經是世界上最大經濟體。但是，那些擔憂美國國家未來的人，最好是去關注美國創新方面的競爭力，這是讓美國回到經濟增長軌道的潛在動力。

　　問題是，人們普遍相信並且是錯誤地相信中國將永遠是輸家，它只會模仿而不是創新。批評家們稱，中國社會太過於自上而下，矽谷將永遠是美國創新的支撐力量。

　　但現實是，相信中國不可能在創新方面縮小差距的看法太幼稚了，並且奧巴馬的第二任政府將認真考慮，美國真的可以從太平洋彼岸學到些東西。它可以從糾正一些流傳廣泛的錯誤認識開始：

　　1、中國沒有創新，只有盜版和仿造。

　　大多數的創新都始於模仿;美國也是從模仿舊世界的發明開始的。同時，中國的許多“模仿”，例如阿里巴巴、騰訊或者新浪微博則遠不是僅僅複製其美國同行的產品。他們每一家都是解決特別與中國的商業和消費者相關的問題，有些產品可以建立創新的平臺，並推進到全球市場。

　　2、中國的創新太偏重自上而下，而真正的創新只能是自下而上。

　　中國承諾要在2020年之前將中國帶入創新國家行列。矽谷的企業家們也許會對這種自上而下的計劃不寒而慄。是的，例如，想想如果美國政府沒有設立國防部高階研究計劃局，建立英特網，美國的企業家們將會是怎樣。國家在投資基礎創新方面必須有所作為，例如英特網和移動技術。一旦這些基礎技術建立了，有競爭性的自下而上的生態系統將能夠鼓勵創造性的破壞。但是，很可悲，美國政府在基礎性創新上的投資一直在穩定下降。

　　3、中國的智慧財產權保護太弱，無法鼓勵創新。

　　可以說，中國智慧財產權保護的弱勢可以更容易地培育一個開放創新的環境。當然，需要在智慧財產權的開放和保護兩方面找到平衡，如果沒有保護，創新就將熄滅，因為投資者的投資需要獲得回報。不幸的是，在美國，智慧財產權的保護阻礙創新抵消了其推動創新的作用。

　　4、在一個全球化的經濟中，持續創新要求投資於國際市場;中國在國外的品牌和軟實力是弱的且過時的。

　　儘管中國有一些不能解決的問題，例如領土紛爭和貿易平衡問題，但是，中國在世界上高速發展地區，包括非洲、拉丁美洲和東亞的影響力比美國要增長得快得多。當中國的創新尋找投入或者消費者時，他們會轉向這些市場，他們可能與知名的美國品牌有同樣多的機會，甚至可能有更好的機會。實際上，在與非洲和拉丁美洲的關係上，中國經常走在美國的前面。

　　5、中國的教育模式強調死記硬背;創新只有在鼓勵開放、批判性思維的環境和廣泛的文化傳統教育中培育出來。

　　中國方式的危險是，如果學生不接觸其他領域並且不被鼓勵批判性思維，他們可能缺乏成為有創造性的問題解決者和風險承擔者。但是，美國的體系有它自己的嚴重問題。例如，美國商務部最近的一項報告顯示，美國在科學、技術、工程和數學教育方面的差距在擴大。值得注意的是，移民填補了教育的差距，矽谷中有一半的新創公司是移民建立的。

　　當然，中國創新的模式還有很長的路要走，但是中國在許多方面也是在學習美國，並且沿著我們早期的路在走。隨著中國在前進，並且加入他們自己的經驗和方法的獨特性，它可能創造出一種新的混合體模式，包含有其他國家，包括美國的經驗。

　　不要忘記，全球定位系統確實是美國國防部的產品。但是，中國是首先為我們提供指南針的國家。