2015年北外國際新聞/國際傳播 741國際新聞與傳播實務真題 一．英譯漢。（30分） Tornados, wildfires, droughts and floods were once seen as freak conditions. But the environmental disasters now striking the world are shocking signs of 'global weirding'. Drought?zones have been declared across much of England and Wales, yet Scotland has just registered its wettest-ever May. The warmest British spring in 100 years followed one of the coldest UK winters in 300 years. June in London has been colder than March. February was warm enough to strip on Snowdon, but last Saturday it snowed there. Welcome to the climate rollercoaster, or what is being coined the "new normal" of?weather. What was, until quite recently, predictable, temperate, mild and equable British weather, guaranteed to be warmish and wettish, ensuring green lawns in August, now sees the seasons reversed and temperature and rainfall records broken almost every year. 【評析】 文章主題為極端天氣，屬於常考的環境類體裁。需注意譯文連貫性、可讀性。 二．漢譯英。（20分） 【評析】共10個句子。每個句子涉及當下熱點詞彙，如“地方保護主義”、“打黑”、“黃昏戀”等。另外，也考察到了政論、外宣類詞語及句子，如“權為民所用，情為民所繫，利為民所謀”。 三．重寫新華社報道並說明原因。（30分） China to “Seriously Consider” Building Aircraft Carrier BEIJING, Dec. 23 (Xinhua) -- China's Ministry of National Defense spokesman said Tuesday that aircraft carriers are "a reflection of a nation's comprehensive power" and are needed to meet the demands of a country's navy. The Chinese government would seriously consider "relevant issues" with "factors in every aspects" on building its first ever aircraft carrier, said the spokesman Huang Xueping when responding to a question on whether it was a good opportunity at present to build China's aircraft carrier, at a press conference. "China has a long coastline and the sacred duty of China's armed forces is to safeguard the country's marine safety and sovereignty over coastal areas and territorial seas," he said. 【評析】此試題來源為《英語對外新聞報道指南》（黎信著）。考察硬新聞導語寫作。 四．編譯中文新聞。（30分） The ceremony included a bit of comedy, but there was no denying the significance: For the first time in its history, the Navy promoted a woman on Tuesday to become a four-star admiral. Surrounded by friends, family and peers, Adm. Michelle J. Howard was promoted to her new rank at the Women in Military Service for America Memorial at Arlington National Cemetery. She’ll take over as the vice chief of naval operations, the No. 2 officer in the service. She is not only the first woman to hold the job, but the first African-American. It’s the latest achievement for Howard, who previously was the first African-American woman to serve as a three-star officer in the U.S. military and command a U.S. Navy ship. Navy Secretary Ray Mabus said her promotion is a “representation of how far we have come, and how far she has helped bring us.” “She is also a great example of how much we as a nation and a Navy lose if we put artificial barriers in,” Mabus told a crowd of about 150 people. “If we don’t judge people based on their ability, based on their capability. I hope I have always been passionate about that, but I know the intensity has increased since I am the father of three daughters, and I refuse to believe that there are any ceilings for them, glass or otherwise. That they can get to wherever their abilities can take them. And with that, they and countless others in the Navy now have a wonderful role model in Michelle Howard.” With that said, Mabus added that “there is no news here today,” because the Navy picked the best officer, Howard, for her new job. Howard is perhaps best known for leading Task Force 151, which oversaw counter-piracy operations in the Gulf of Aden. After Somali pirates attacked the cargo ship MV Maersk Alabama and captured its top officer, Capt. Richard Phillips, in April 2009, she devised a plan with others to get him back, dispatching the USS Bainbridge, a destroyer, to help. Navy SEAL snipers eventually opened fire on a small lifeboat carrying Phillips and three pirates, killing the bandits and freeing him. After being promoted, Howard told those assembled that when she called to order her new four-star shoulder boards, she was told they did not exist. A special contract was devised to buy some, “and you folks are seeing the first set,” she said to cheers. The Army and Air Force each have named four-star female officers in the past. The first one in the military, Army Gen. Ann Dunwoody, retired in 2012, after serving as a four-star general for nearly four years. Howard said after the ceremony that the 1993 decision to allow women to serve on combatant ships and fly fighter jets remains one of the biggest for the Navy. “I’m just very proud of our service,” she said. She acknowledged the ongoing debate about where women should serve in the military’s ground combat units, but said that each of the services is “their own breed.” She did not take a position on where female sailors should serve in those ground units. At one point Tuesday, Mabus struggled to put Howard’s new four-star shoulder boards on her uniform. With good nature, however, he refused to give up, drawing laughter from the crowd. In her remarks on stage, Howard joked about it. “It is a remarkable sign of leadership,” she said, “to be persistent in your goals and to achieve them.” 【評價】此試題來源為美聯社。按照新聞編譯原則進行即可。可參照《參考訊息》編譯的體例。 五．編譯英文新聞。（40分） 各位同事、朋友們！ 去年秋天，我代表中國政府提出共同建設絲綢之路經濟帶和21世紀海上絲綢之路的倡議，得到國際社會特別是在座各國領導人積極迴應。“一帶一路”和互聯互通是相融相近、相輔相成的。如果將“一帶一路”比喻為亞洲騰飛的兩隻翅膀，那麼互聯互通就是兩隻翅膀的血脈經絡。當前，“一帶一路”進入了務實合作階段，我對深化合作有以下幾點建議。 第一，以亞洲國家為重點方向，率先實現亞洲互聯互通。“一帶一路”源於亞洲、依託亞洲、造福亞洲，關注亞洲國家互聯互通，努力擴大亞洲國家共同利益。“一帶一路”是中國和亞洲鄰國的共同事業，中國將周邊國家作為外交政策的優先方向，踐行親、誠、惠、容的理念，願意通過互聯互通為亞洲鄰國提供更多公共產品，歡迎大家搭乘中國發展的列車。 第二，以經濟走廊為依託，建立亞洲互聯互通的基本框架。目前，中方制定的“一帶一路”規劃基本成形。這包括在同各方充分溝通的基礎上正在構建的陸上經濟合作走廊和海上經濟合作走廊。這一框架兼顧各國需求，統籌陸海兩大方向，涵蓋面寬，包容性強，輻射作用大。中方願同有關國家進一步協商，完善合作藍圖，打牢合作基礎。 第三，以交通基礎設施為突破，實現亞洲互聯互通的早期收穫。絲綢之路首先得要有路，有路才能人暢其行、物暢其流。中方高度重視聯通中國和巴基斯坦、孟加拉國、緬甸、寮國、柬埔寨、蒙古國、塔吉克等鄰國的鐵路、公路專案，將在推進“一帶一路”建設中優先部署。只有讓大家儘早分享到早期收穫，“一帶一路”才有吸引力和生命力。 第四，以建設融資平臺為抓手，打破亞洲互聯互通的瓶頸。亞洲各國多是發展中國家，普遍缺乏建設資金，關鍵是盤活存量、用好增量，將寶貴的資金用在刀刃上。我在此宣佈，中國將出資400億美元成立絲路基金，為“一帶一路”沿線國家基礎設施、資源開發、產業合作和金融合作等與互聯互通有關的專案提供投融資支援。絲路基金是開放的，可以根據地區、行業或者專案型別設立子基金，歡迎亞洲域內外的投資者積極參與。 第五，以人文交流為紐帶，夯實亞洲互聯互通的社會根基。中國支援不同文明和宗教對話，鼓勵加強各國文化交流和民間往來，支援絲綢之路沿線國家聯合申請世界文化遺產，鼓勵更多亞洲國家地方省區市建立合作關係。亞洲旅遊資源豐富，出國旅遊的人越來越多，應該發展絲綢之路特色旅遊，讓旅遊合作和互聯互通建設相互促進。互聯互通需要大量專業人才，未來5年，中國將為周邊國家提供2萬個互聯互通領域的培訓名額，幫助周邊國家培養自己的專家隊伍。中國也願派出更多留學生、專家學者到周邊國家學習交流。 【評價】文章主題為國家主席習近平有關“互聯互通”的講話。屬於熱點內容。編譯文章需符合硬新聞結構，切忌逐點翻譯。 一．英譯漢。（30分） Tornados, wildfires, droughts and floods were once seen as freak conditions. But the environmental disasters now striking the world are shocking signs of 'global weirding'. Drought?zones have been declared across much of England and Wales, yet Scotland has just registered its wettest-ever May. The warmest British spring in 100 years followed one of the coldest UK winters in 300 years. June in London has been colder than March. February was warm enough to strip on Snowdon, but last Saturday it snowed there. Welcome to the climate rollercoaster, or what is being coined the "new normal" of?weather. What was, until quite recently, predictable, temperate, mild and equable British weather, guaranteed to be warmish and wettish, ensuring green lawns in August, now sees the seasons reversed and temperature and rainfall records broken almost every year. 【評析】 文章主題為極端天氣，屬於常考的環境類體裁。需注意譯文連貫性、可讀性。 二．漢譯英。（20分） 【評析】共10個句子。每個句子涉及當下熱點詞彙，如“地方保護主義”、“打黑”、“黃昏戀”等。另外，也考察到了政論、外宣類詞語及句子，如“權為民所用，情為民所繫，利為民所謀”。 三．重寫新華社報道並說明原因。（30分） China to “Seriously Consider” Building Aircraft Carrier BEIJING, Dec. 23 (Xinhua) -- China's Ministry of National Defense spokesman said Tuesday that aircraft carriers are "a reflection of a nation's comprehensive power" and are needed to meet the demands of a country's navy. The Chinese government would seriously consider "relevant issues" with "factors in every aspects" on building its first ever aircraft carrier, said the spokesman Huang Xueping when responding to a question on whether it was a good opportunity at present to build China's aircraft carrier, at a press conference. "China has a long coastline and the sacred duty of China's armed forces is to safeguard the country's marine safety and sovereignty over coastal areas and territorial seas," he said. 【評析】此試題來源為《英語對外新聞報道指南》（黎信著）。考察硬新聞導語寫作。 四．編譯中文新聞。（30分） The ceremony included a bit of comedy, but there was no denying the significance: For the first time in its history, the Navy promoted a woman on Tuesday to become a four-star admiral. Surrounded by friends, family and peers, Adm. Michelle J. Howard was promoted to her new rank at the Women in Military Service for America Memorial at Arlington National Cemetery. She’ll take over as the vice chief of naval operations, the No. 2 officer in the service. She is not only the first woman to hold the job, but the first African-American. It’s the latest achievement for Howard, who previously was the first African-American woman to serve as a three-star officer in the U.S. military and command a U.S. Navy ship. Navy Secretary Ray Mabus said her promotion is a “representation of how far we have come, and how far she has helped bring us.” “She is also a great example of how much we as a nation and a Navy lose if we put artificial barriers in,” Mabus told a crowd of about 150 people. “If we don’t judge people based on their ability, based on their capability. I hope I have always been passionate about that, but I know the intensity has increased since I am the father of three daughters, and I refuse to believe that there are any ceilings for them, glass or otherwise. That they can get to wherever their abilities can take them. And with that, they and countless others in the Navy now have a wonderful role model in Michelle Howard.” With that said, Mabus added that “there is no news here today,” because the Navy picked the best officer, Howard, for her new job. Howard is perhaps best known for leading Task Force 151, which oversaw counter-piracy operations in the Gulf of Aden. After Somali pirates attacked the cargo ship MV Maersk Alabama and captured its top officer, Capt. Richard Phillips, in April 2009, she devised a plan with others to get him back, dispatching the USS Bainbridge, a destroyer, to help. Navy SEAL snipers eventually opened fire on a small lifeboat carrying Phillips and three pirates, killing the bandits and freeing him. After being promoted, Howard told those assembled that when she called to order her new four-star shoulder boards, she was told they did not exist. A special contract was devised to buy some, “and you folks are seeing the first set,” she said to cheers. The Army and Air Force each have named four-star female officers in the past. The first one in the military, Army Gen. Ann Dunwoody, retired in 2012, after serving as a four-star general for nearly four years. Howard said after the ceremony that the 1993 decision to allow women to serve on combatant ships and fly fighter jets remains one of the biggest for the Navy. “I’m just very proud of our service,” she said. She acknowledged the ongoing debate about where women should serve in the military’s ground combat units, but said that each of the services is “their own breed.” She did not take a position on where female sailors should serve in those ground units. At one point Tuesday, Mabus struggled to put Howard’s new four-star shoulder boards on her uniform. With good nature, however, he refused to give up, drawing laughter from the crowd. In her remarks on stage, Howard joked about it. “It is a remarkable sign of leadership,” she said, “to be persistent in your goals and to achieve them.” 【評價】此試題來源為美聯社。按照新聞編譯原則進行即可。可參照《參考訊息》編譯的體例。 五．編譯英文新聞。（40分） 各位同事、朋友們！ 去年秋天，我代表中國政府提出共同建設絲綢之路經濟帶和21世紀海上絲綢之路的倡議，得到國際社會特別是在座各國領導人積極迴應。“一帶一路”和互聯互通是相融相近、相輔相成的。如果將“一帶一路”比喻為亞洲騰飛的兩隻翅膀，那麼互聯互通就是兩隻翅膀的血脈經絡。當前，“一帶一路”進入了務實合作階段，我對深化合作有以下幾點建議。 第一，以亞洲國家為重點方向，率先實現亞洲互聯互通。“一帶一路”源於亞洲、依託亞洲、造福亞洲，關注亞洲國家互聯互通，努力擴大亞洲國家共同利益。“一帶一路”是中國和亞洲鄰國的共同事業，中國將周邊國家作為外交政策的優先方向，踐行親、誠、惠、容的理念，願意通過互聯互通為亞洲鄰國提供更多公共產品，歡迎大家搭乘中國發展的列車。 第二，以經濟走廊為依託，建立亞洲互聯互通的基本框架。目前，中方制定的“一帶一路”規劃基本成形。這包括在同各方充分溝通的基礎上正在構建的陸上經濟合作走廊和海上經濟合作走廊。這一框架兼顧各國需求，統籌陸海兩大方向，涵蓋面寬，包容性強，輻射作用大。中方願同有關國家進一步協商，完善合作藍圖，打牢合作基礎。 第三，以交通基礎設施為突破，實現亞洲互聯互通的早期收穫。絲綢之路首先得要有路，有路才能人暢其行、物暢其流。中方高度重視聯通中國和巴基斯坦、孟加拉國、緬甸、寮國、柬埔寨、蒙古國、塔吉克等鄰國的鐵路、公路專案，將在推進“一帶一路”建設中優先部署。只有讓大家儘早分享到早期收穫，“一帶一路”才有吸引力和生命力。 第四，以建設融資平臺為抓手，打破亞洲互聯互通的瓶頸。亞洲各國多是發展中國家，普遍缺乏建設資金，關鍵是盤活存量、用好增量，將寶貴的資金用在刀刃上。我在此宣佈，中國將出資400億美元成立絲路基金，為“一帶一路”沿線國家基礎設施、資源開發、產業合作和金融合作等與互聯互通有關的專案提供投融資支援。絲路基金是開放的，可以根據地區、行業或者專案型別設立子基金，歡迎亞洲域內外的投資者積極參與。 第五，以人文交流為紐帶，夯實亞洲互聯互通的社會根基。中國支援不同文明和宗教對話，鼓勵加強各國文化交流和民間往來，支援絲綢之路沿線國家聯合申請世界文化遺產，鼓勵更多亞洲國家地方省區市建立合作關係。亞洲旅遊資源豐富，出國旅遊的人越來越多，應該發展絲綢之路特色旅遊，讓旅遊合作和互聯互通建設相互促進。互聯互通需要大量專業人才，未來5年，中國將為周邊國家提供2萬個互聯互通領域的培訓名額，幫助周邊國家培養自己的專家隊伍。中國也願派出更多留學生、專家學者到周邊國家學習交流。 【評價】文章主題為國家主席習近平有關“互聯互通”的講話。屬於熱點內容。編譯文章需符合硬新聞結構，切忌逐點翻譯。