補語和表語的區別

　　在英語中，有很多語法知識。今天我們著重講下是什麼?下面就跟著小編一起來看看吧。

　　補語和表語有什麼區別

　　表語很好找，只要有系動詞，跟在系動詞後的就是表語，表示主語的特徵，狀態，身份，類屬。主語、系詞和表語構成“主系表”結構，其中系詞和表語合起來構成謂語。充當表語的有名詞，代詞，數詞，動名詞，動詞不定式，形容詞，副詞，現在分詞，過去分詞，介詞短語或從句。

　　例：He is a teacher.***teacher名***

　　It is hers.***物主代詞hers***

　　Who is she?***人稱代詞Who***

　　Two times three is six.***基數詞six***

　　He was the first to get there.***序數詞 the first ***

　　She is very kind.***形容詞very kind***

　　My father is out.***副詞out***

　　His job is to teach.***不定式to teach***

　　Talking is not doing.***動名詞doing***

　　His speech is surprising.***現在分詞surprising***

　　I am surprised at his speech .***過去分詞surprised***

　　Japan is in the east of Asia.***介詞短語in the east of Asia***

　　That is what I want to say.***從句what I want to say***

　　常見的系動詞有：

　　***表示身份，狀態的***be,***表示變化的***become,get,turn,grow,stay,

　　***表示感覺的***smell,taste,feel,sound,seem,look,appear

　　補語分為賓語補足語和主語補足語，用以補足主語或賓語的狀態、動作、位置等。可以作補語的有：名詞，不定式，現在分詞，過去分詞，形容詞，副詞，介詞短語。

　　常見的可以帶賓補的動詞及句型有

　　call sb/sth sth.

　　allow/ask/order/tell/teach sb to do sth

　　see/hear/make/have/watch sb do/doing sth

　　keep sb doing sth.

　　keep sth.+形容詞

　　find sb./sth. doing/介詞短語

　　例：We call her Lucy.***名詞 Lucy ***

　　I allow him to have a look.***不定式 to have a look***

　　He kept me waiting half a day.***現在分詞短語waiting half a day*** I saw him wounded.***過去分詞wounded***

　　It drove her mad.***形容詞 mad***

　　Let's show him out.***副詞out***

　　They found the boy in the well.***介詞短語in the well***

　　在被動語態句子中，原主動語態中的賓語變成了主語，相應原來的賓補也就變成了主補。例如：

　　主動句：They found the boy in the well.***in the well為賓補*** 被動句：The boy was found in the well.***in the well為主補***

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