2015CATTI考試上半年口譯：[3]第2天準備2.2?

加油~

更新了帖子的編排，採取瞭解說模式。

自稱小白，因為經常出現”我“這個字，有太強的個人色彩，感覺怪怪的。

本人正在通往從小白變成大白(●—●)的路上。

之所以要提到小白，是為了提示讀者，只是個人的意見，不是權威觀點，以免誤人。

工具/原料

財經新聞一篇。原文資料的下載鏈接在本帖最後。

文章簡介/學習策略

本文編號：二級口譯-2.2

中文標題：向巴菲特學習失敗

英文標題：Buffett shows HSBC and Delta Air Lines how to say sorry

中文字數：1457字

英文字數：713字

來源：《金融時報》以及《Financial Times》

學習策略：

本階段主要集中在英文部分學習。

耗時記錄

16:10-16:20 準備

16:20-17:30 學習

18:15-20:00 學習

英文部分學習

Doctors bury their mistakes and, according to a 2008 UK survey, often keep quiet about them.

【解說，bury mistakes是種高級說法，”掩蓋過失“。

小白以前只會說hide mistakes, cover mistakes, 不學習是打死也想不出掩蓋錯誤的這種說法的。】

keep quiet about sth.

【對什麼東西表示沉默。

小白一般說，keep silent about sth.

不過應該差不多吧。】

The General Medical Council practice guidelines say doctors who err “should offer an apology and explain fully and promptly . . . what has happened”.

【practice guidelines 執業準則

practice /ˈpræktɪs/ CET4 TEM4

N-UNCOUNT The work done by doctors and lawyers is referred to as thepractice of medicine and law. People's religious activities are referred to as thepractice of a religion. (醫療或法律的) 業務; (宗教) 活動

例：

...maintaining or improving his skills in the practice of internal medicine.

…保持或提高他在內科醫療業務方面的技能。

I eventually realized I had to change my attitude towards medical practice.

我終於認識到我得改變我對醫務工作的態度。

小白推測”執業道德“應該是”practice morals“.

查了下，發現錯了。

沒有執業道德的說法，只有”職業道德”“professional ethics“，和執業紀律”practice rules“.

】

err /ɜː/ CET6+ TEM4 (erring,erred,errs)

1.V-I If you err, you make a mistake. 犯錯

例：

It criticizes the main contractor for seriously erring in its estimates.

它批評主承包商在估算中嚴重出錯。

2.PHRASE If you err on the side of caution, for example, you decide to act in a cautious way, rather than take risks. 寧可失之過於…

例：

They may be wise to err on the side of caution.

他們寧可失之過於謹慎也不冒風險也許是明智的。

【err 是個漂亮的單詞。還有個漂亮的詞組 err on the side of.

對於”諸葛一生唯謹慎，呂端大事不糊塗。“

小白敢翻譯成 Zhuge erred on the side of caution，while Lv Duan was celver on great event.

哈哈，前一句翻譯妙極，後一句扯淡，等以後再改。

查到一句：”人非聖賢孰能無過“——”To err is human“

】

promptly /ˈprɒmptlɪ/

1，promptly = immediately

2，ADV If you do something promptly at a particular time, you do it at exactly that time. 準點地

例：

Promptly at a quarter past seven, we left the hotel.

我們在7：15準點離開了旅館。

【promptly at 詞組】

But the survey of junior doctors found that “errors were normalised, dealt with through teasing, or minimised”.

【

deal with (dealing,dealt,deals)

1.PHRASAL VERB When you deal with something or someone that needs attention, you give your attention to them, and often solve a problem or make a decision concerning them. 處理

例：

...the way that banks deal with complaints.

…銀行處理投訴的方式。

另外句子中，並列使用了：normalised, dealt with 和minimised.

】

Dead patients would probably have died anyway.

【

將來完成時。

（從百度百科查到一種意思）表示推測，相當於"must have done"結構。

例：{1}You will have heard of this, I guess. 我猜你已經聽說過這件事了。

{2}I am sure that he will have got the information. 我相信他一定會得到這個信息。

看到這種句子頭大。要是真是must have done的意思，那豈不是成了 must probably have died. 好矛盾。

”逝去的病人可能本來也是要死的。“

辨析一下，逝去的病人可能是要死的——Dead patients would probably die.

逝去的病人本來是要死的——Dead patients would have died.

】

Daniel Sokol, a lawyer and medical ethics lecturer who cited the survey in a BMJ article, says that “admitting a mistake is painfully difficult for any self-respecting professional”.

【

self-respecting

1.ADJ You can use self-respecting with a noun describing a particular type of person to indicate that something is typical of, or necessary for, that type of person. 典型的(一類人)

例：

He died as any self-respecting gangster should—in a hail of bullets.

他死於亂槍之下—正如匪徒的典型下場一樣。

本來這個句子沒什麼好講的。但是小白髮現了上面這個意思。

這樣，如果想說”他是個典型的賭徒“，就是”He is a self-respecting gambler“。

可不能翻譯成”他是個有自尊心的賭徒“啊！！！

英文真是令人頭疼。

】

He could have said the same of many business leaders.

【這句小白完全蒙圈了。

could have done 可以表示過去本來有能力可以做某事的，但實際上沒有那樣去做，通常譯為“本來可以”“本來能”等。

通過翻譯就理解了——”他的話對於許多商界領袖同樣適用。“

繞了個圈。意思是："他本可以說許多商界領袖也是這樣的，但是他沒有說。"不知道可不可以套用下,成為固定用法。

他的話對於A同樣適用=He could have said the same of A】

Mr Anderson called their riposte a “great irony”.

【

riposte /rɪˈpɒst/ (riposting,riposted,ripostes)

1.N-COUNT A riposte is a quick, clever reply to something that someone has said. 機敏的回答

例：

Laura glanced at Grace, expecting a clever riposte.

勞拉瞥了格雷絲一眼，期望她給個機敏的回答。

2.V-T If you riposte, you make a quick, clever response to something someone has said. 機敏地回答

例：

"It's tough at the top," he said. "It's tougher at the bottom," riposted the billionaire.

“身居高位很辛苦，”他說。“在底層更辛苦，”億萬富翁機敏地答道。

3.N-COUNT You can refer to an action as a riposte to something when it is a response to that thing. 迴應; 還擊

例：

The operation is being seen as a swift riposte to the killing of a senior army commander.

這次行動被看作是對一名高級軍官被殺所作出的快速還擊。

周總理答外國記者問,到處都是riposte.

小白學到了response的替代詞，riposte.

】

He didn’t mean to suggest the Gulf carriers or their governments are linked to the 9/11 terrorists.

【be linked to

與XX 有聯繫。

小白以前會用have relationship with】

It was hard to read in Mr Anderson’s statement anything other than an association between the airlines or their governments and the attacks.

【漂亮的句子。

other than 除了

以前小白只會用but, except】

What would it have cost Mr Anderson to have spoken for himself?

【不管學什麼重要的是會問問題。英語也一樣。

又冒出了我搞不定的完成時。

would have done, 表示本……但實際沒有。

以後我不想問自己這個問題：What would it have cost you to take a catti exam?

】

I was irritated because they keep saying we got subsidies.

我被惹惱了，因為它們再三說我們得到了補貼。

【keep doing 還可以這麼用的！學習了。

試譯：他老所我笨，我怒了！

試答：I am irritated because he keeps saying I am fool.】

There was a one-time payment to airlines in the aftermath of the US airspace closure after 9/11.

【

aftermath /ˈɑːftəˌmɑːθ/ CET6+ TEM4

1.N-SING The aftermath of an important event, especially a harmful one, is the situation that results from it. (災難性大事件的) 後果

例：

In the aftermath of the coup, the troops opened fire on the demonstrators.

在那次政變的餘波之中，軍隊向示威者開了槍。

aftermath ，不好的大事件的結果（result，consequence）

】

All that was in Delta’s statement but because of the flimsy apology, few paid any attention.

【flimsy /ˈflɪmzɪ/ TEM8 (flimsier,flimsiest)

1.ADJ A flimsy object is weak because it is made of a weak material, or is badly made. 脆弱的; 劣質的

例：

...a flimsy wooden door.

…劣質的木門。

2.ADJ Flimsy cloth or clothing is thin and does not give much protection. (布料或衣服) 薄的

例：

...a very flimsy pink chiffon nightgown.

…一件很薄的粉紅色雪紡綢睡衣。

3.ADJ If you describe something such as evidence or an excuse as flimsy, you mean that it is not very good or convincing. 站不住腳的

例：

The charges were based on very flimsy evidence.

這些指控基於非常站不住腳的證據。

flimsy pink cloth （此處壞笑）】

He said it in a letter to customers, shareholders and staff and twice before UK parliamentary committees, most recently this week.

【

應該是這句的簡寫：He said it in a letter to customers, shareholders and staff and （He said it）twice before UK parliamentary committees, most recently this week.

】

But he and other senior HSBC leaders repeatedly stalled when pressed on whether they had asked themselves why so many non-Swiss people had Swiss bank accounts and why they were not more suspicious about customers withdrawing huge amounts in cash.

【好長的句子。@[email protected]"推諉搪塞"--stall

stall /stɔːl/ CET6 TEM4 (stalling,stalled,stalls)

1.V-T/V-I If a process stalls, or if someone or something stalls it, the process stops but may continue at a later time. 使暫停; 暫停

例：

The Social Democratic Party has vowed to try to stall the bill until the current session ends.

該社會民主黨已立誓設法暫停該議案直至當前會議結束。

...but the peace process stalled.

…但是和平進程暫停了。

2.V-I If you stall, you try to avoid doing something until later. 拖延

例：

Thomas had spent all week stalling over his decision.

托馬斯花了整週的時間遲遲不做決定。

沒有多加質疑。

were not more suspicious.

】

Admittedly, these parliamentary hearings are adversarial and pitiless, with MPs probing for any admission of guilt they can leap on.

【

Admittedly，”需要承認的是“

國會議員（Member of Parliament）簡寫成MP

完了，卡殼了，不知道leap on 什麼意思。

應該是跳過之意，不是固定搭配吧。

】

Mr Gulliver would have been no worse off if he had said: “Look, things were different back then.

【

off，沒看過這種表達。

漢語的翻譯是”本可不必如此狼狽“

查朗文詞典查得頭大：

[British English][ informal] behaviour that is off is rude or is not acceptable:

She walked out before the end of your lecture, which I thought was a bit off.

Look, I know when someone's being off with me.

想到一個語法點，貼在這裡：

注意no more than與not more than的區別（下一段從可可英語網上覆制粘貼的）。

1. no more than 表示“僅僅”、“只有”(= only)，強調少；而 not more than 表示“不多於”、“至多”(= at most)。如：

He is no more than an ordinary English teacher. 他只不過是個普通的英文老師。

He has no more than three children. 他只有 3 個孩子。

He has not more than three children. 他最多 3 個孩子(有或許還不到 3 個之意)。

2. 用於比較兩件事物時，no more ... than 表示對兩者都否定，意為“同……一樣不”(＝neither ... nor)；而 not more ... than 指兩者雖都具有某種特徵，但程度不同，意為“不如”、“不及”(= not so ... as)。如：

He is no more a writer than a painter. 他不是畫家，也不是作家(= He is neither a painter nor awriter)。

A whale is no more a fish than a horse is. 馬不是魚，鯨也不是魚(=Neither a horse nor a whale isa fish)。

She is not more clever than he is. 她不如他聰明(= She is not so clever as he is)。

（下一段是網友說的）

no worse than:沒有比...更糟的了，和前面一樣糟糕表示than前面的東西是最糟的、最差的。not worse than:不比...糟糕 ，表示和than後面的東西差不多，或許比後面這個東西還要更好一點。

小白完全暈乎了。慢慢消化吧。

】

This year’s marked the golden anniversary of his and Charlie Munger’s control of Berkshire Hathaway so he dredged up 50 years of mistakes.

【知道金婚為什麼是50年了。這是老外的說法吧？

golden anniversary，翻譯成”金週年“，中國人就完全蒙圈了。】

【

dredge up (dredging,dredged,dredges)

1.PHRASAL VERB If someone dredges up a piece of information they learned a long time ago, or if they dredge up a distant memory, they manage to remember it. 使勁回憶起

例：

...an American trying to dredge up some French or German learned in high school.

…一個試圖回憶起高中所學的法語或德語的美國人。

2.PHRASAL VERB If someone dredges up a damaging or upsetting fact about your past, they remind you of it or tell other people about it. 重提 (不快往事)

例：

She dredges up a minor misdemeanour: "You didn't give me money for the school trip."

她重提那件小事：“那次學校旅遊，你沒給我錢。”

試譯：不要提那些陳穀子爛芝麻。

試答：Do not dredge up the past.

】

They included investing in dying textile companies and seeing acquisition “ synergies ” evaporate.

【

They 此句中指mistakes.

acquisition /ˌækwɪˈzɪʃən/ CET4 TEM4

1.N-VAR If a company or business person makes an acquisition, they buy another company or part of a company. 收購

例：

...the acquisition of a profitable paper recycling company.

對一家有利潤的廢紙回收公司的收購。

synergy /ˈsɪnədʒɪ/

1.N-VAR If there is synergy between two or more organizations or groups, they are more successful when they work together than when they work separately. 協同作用

例：

Of course, there's quite obviously a lot of synergy between the two companies.

當然，這兩家公司之間顯然有許多的協同作用。

】

He knew it was likely that the UK retailer’s initial problems were just the first in a series

【likely /ˈlaɪklɪ/ CET4 TEM4 (likelier,likeliest)

ADJ If someone or something is likely to do a particular thing, they will very probably do it. 很可能地

例：

In the meantime the war of nerves seems likely to continue.

同時心理戰似乎很有可能要繼續下去。

知道這個詞，但是一直沒用過。likely=very probably

】

The advantage of pointing out your own errors is not only that it deprives others of the opportunity but that it makes it plain that business is hard, that we make mistakes and that only by examining them can we reduce, but not eliminate, our chances of making them again.

【

好長的句子。

not only ……but ……（but 後不接also 也可以）

only 的倒裝句

前一個分句是這個句子的簡寫：

The advantage of pointing out your own errors is not only that it deprives others of the opportunity （of pointing out your own errors）but that ……

it makes it plain that……中 it 就指代後面那一串句子。

】

The reasons Mr Buffett gave for his mistakes were not poor advice, or lapses by his managers

【

lapse 竟然還有“錯誤”之意！

lapse /læps/ CET6+ TEM8 (lapsing,lapsed,lapses)

1.N-COUNT A lapse is a moment or instance of bad behaviour by someone who usually behaves well. (一時的) 行為失檢

例：

On Friday he showed neither decency nor dignity. It was an uncommon lapse.

星期五他既不莊重也不體面。這可是他少有的失禮。

2.N-COUNT A lapse of something such as concentration or judgment is a temporary lack of that thing, which can often cause you to make a mistake. (一時的) 走神; 判斷錯誤

例：

I had a little lapse of concentration in the middle of the race.

我在比賽中走了一下神。

He was a genius and because of it you could accept lapses of taste.

他是一個天才，因此他偶失得體，人們也可以接受。

】

If they opened up, they might discover that the sky would not fall or, in the case of HSBC, that there is no point in denying the obvious because it already has.

【

open up

PHRASAL VERB If someone opens up, they start to say exactly what they think or feel. 自由自在地談

例：

Lorna found that people were willing to open up to her.

洛娜發現人們願意向她敞開心扉暢談。

資料譯文為“想通了”，說得過去。

英文中也有“天塌下來”的說法！The sky would not fall.

point /pɔɪnt/ CET4 TEM4

N-SING If you ask what the point of something is, or say that there is no point in it, you are indicating that a particular action has no purpose or would not be useful. 意義; 目的

例：

What was the point of thinking about him?

想著他有什麼意義呢？

試譯：做這件事有什麼意義？

試答：what is the point of doing this.

妙極！

】

中文部分學習

英國全國醫學總會 General Medical Council

執業準則 practice guidelines

【絕對地道。】

初級醫生 junior doctor

講師 lecturer

政府補貼 state subsidies

匯豐 HSBC

逃稅 tax evasion

“吮吸拇指”、“幼稚行為”“thumb-sucking”, “childish behaviour”

固執的傲慢 stubborn pride

注意事項

資料在雲盤中。雲盤地址