初中冠詞的用法歸納總結
說到冠詞,大家一定會想到a 、an和the,實際上,冠詞就是指這三兄弟。為了讓大家更好的學習初中冠詞,以下是小編分享給大家的初中冠詞的用法歸納,希望可以幫到你!
初中冠詞的用法歸納
1、不定冠詞的基本用法:
1不定冠詞有a和an兩種:a用於子音音素開頭的詞前,例如:a dog, an用於母音音素開頭的詞前,例如:an apple;
2用來表示“—”的意思,但不強調數的觀念,只說明名詞為不特定者。即不具體說明是何人何物。例如:She picked up a book and began to read.
3不定冠詞含有“—”的意思,但數量觀念沒有one強烈,在句子裡邊一般可以不必譯出,但若有“一個”的意思則譯出,
4一般用在可數名詞單數前,指人或事物的某一種類。例如:I am a nurse.
5用在某些固定片語中,如have a rest,a few,a lot 等。
2、定冠詞的用法:
1特指某些人或某些事物。
2指雙方都知道的人或事物,例如:Open the door,please.
3指上文提到的人或事物。
4用在世界上獨一無二的事物前。例如:The sun is bigger than the moon.太陽比月亮大些。
5用在序數詞和形容詞最高階前。例如:The first island is the biggest of the three.第一個小島是三個中最大的。
6用在形容詞前表示一類人,the +形容詞指的是一群人,是一種複數含義,所以其後動詞應用複數形式。例如:The old are sick.
3、零冠詞的用法 ,就是不用冠詞的情況。
1 國名,人名前通常不用定冠詞:England, Mary;
2 泛指的複數名詞,表示一類人或事物時,可不用定冠詞;
They are teachers. 他們是教師。
3 抽象名詞表示一般概念時,通常不加冠詞;
Failure is the mother of success. 失敗乃成功之母。
4 物質名詞表示一般概念時,通常不加冠詞,當表示特定的意思時,需要加定冠詞;Man cannot live without water. 人離開水就無法生存。
5 在季節、月份、節日、假日、日期、星期等表示時間的名詞之前,不加冠詞;
We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我們從星期一到星期五都上課。
6 在三餐、球類運動和娛樂運動的名稱前,不加冠詞;如:have breakfast, play chess
7 當by與火車等交通工具連用,表示一種方式時,中間無冠詞;by bus, by train;
8 固定短語,如:go to hospital 去醫院看病;at home, in class,go to bed等。
初中冠詞常見考法
根據對冠詞部分全國各地中考試題的分析可知,冠詞考查主要在單項選擇和完形填空題型之中。冠詞主要考查的有:
1、 不定冠詞、定冠詞和零冠詞的基本用法。
2、 冠詞常見的習慣搭配用法。
3、 部分物質名詞抽象名詞具體化之後的冠詞用法。
4、 冠詞的位置
不定冠詞a用於子音音素開頭的單詞前,an用於母音音素開頭的單詞前。
典型例題1: ——Tina,could you please play____ piano for me while I’m singing?
——With pleasure.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
解析:表示樂器的名詞前應用定冠詞the 。
答案: C
典型例題2: There is ____“h” in the word “hour”,but____“h” doesn’t make a sound.
A . a, a B. a, the C. the, an D. an, the
解析:這是一道很迷惑人的習題。第一個空很多學生認為“h”是一個子音字母,所以會填a,但是選擇a 或an,看的是音素,即讀音,而並不是字母本身,“h”是一個子音字母,但卻是以母音音素開頭,所以前面應用an;第二個空“h”第二次出現,所以用定冠詞 the 。
答案: D
誤區提醒
不定冠詞a用於子音音而不是字母開頭的單詞前,an用於母音音素而不是字母開頭的單詞前,例如上面典型例題2。
冠詞的常見及特殊用法歸納
一,冠詞概述
冠詞是虛詞,它不能單獨使用.只能附在一個名詞上說明這個名詞.冠詞分為不定冠aan詞和定冠詞the.不定冠詞一般表示泛指;定冠詞一般表示特指.
二,不定冠詞aan的用法
A. 不定冠詞aan用於單數可數名詞前.a用於子音字母開始的詞前;an用於母音字母開始的詞前.如:a girl an English book
B. 不定冠詞用來表示類別,指某一類人或某一類事物中的一個泛指.如:
His father is a doctor. I work in a middle school in Beijing.
C. 不定冠詞用於單數可數名詞前,可以表示其全類泛指.如:
An English teacher teaches the students how to learn English.
三,定冠詞the的用法
① 表示上文提到過的人或事物.
如:He bought an English-Chinese dictionary this morning. The dictionary is very good.
② 用於單數可數名詞前,表示整體或類別.
如:The panda is a rare animal.
此句等於:A panda is a rare animal. = Pandas are rare animals.
③ 用來表示世界上獨一無二的事物.
如:the sun, the moon, the sky, the earth, the world
④ 用於表示階級,黨派的名詞前.
如:the Chinese Communist Party , the working class the proletariat 無產階級
⑤ 常用於含有普通名詞或形容詞的專有名詞前.
A. 用於許多江海,山脈,群島等名詞前:
The Yellow River The East Sea the Himalayas the Pacific Ocean
B. 用於由普通名詞構成的國名:
The People's Republic of China the United States
C. 用於機關,團體,朝代,時代,報刊雜誌等名詞前:
the United Nations the State Council the Tang dynasty the People's Daily
the Summer Palace the Peace Hotel the British Museum
⑥ 用於表示方位的名詞前.
如:the east the southwest the middle the Far East on the left
⑦ 用於樂器名詞前,但漢語拼音的樂器前不用冠詞.
如:play the piano play the violin play erhu
⑧ 用於複數的姓氏前,表示"兩夫婦"或"全家",在此情況下,這類名詞作複數對待.
如:When we got there, the Lius were waiting for us.
The Smiths watch TV every day.
⑨ 用於某些形容詞或過去分詞前,表示一類人或事物.
如:the poor the rich the living the young
the wounded the oppressed the beautiful
⑩ 用在形容詞的最高階前或序數詞前.
如:Shanghai is the biggest city in china.
After the game, the first thing they wanted to do was to take a hot bath.
四,零冠詞用法
① 表示某一類人或事物的複數名詞前,不用冠詞.
Now people are living a happy life. Trees are planted everywhere.
② 不含普通名詞的專有名詞,表示泛指的物質名詞和抽象名詞前,不用冠詞.
We are studying English. He is leaving for America this year.
It is pleasant to walk in soft snow. Love is always stronger than hatred.
③ 名詞前有指示代詞,物主代詞,不定代詞或名詞所有格修飾,不用冠詞.
I like this picture better. Is that your book
Take their chairs away! I do not have any money on me.
As time went on, Einstein's theory proved to be correct.
④ 季節,月份,星期等名詞前,一般不用冠詞.
She likes spring while I like summer. We have no classes on Saturday.
The Long March started in October 1934.
⑤ 表示只有一人擔任的職務,頭銜的名詞前,不用冠詞.
We have elected him our monitor.
⑥ 三餐飯的名詞前,一般不用冠詞.
When do you have lunch After supper we usually take a walk.
⑦ 節假日等名詞前,不用冠詞.
Children all wear their best clothes on National Day.
People give gifts to each other on Christmas Day.
注意:在eve後有of短語則要加定冠詞:
on the eve of National Day on the eve of New Year's Day
⑧ 球類和棋類運動的名詞前,不用冠詞.
play basketball play chess
⑨ 作表語用表示程度的形容詞最高階前,不用冠詞.
Your help was most timely. This method is most effective.
注意:如果有比較範圍,形容詞最高階前必須加定冠詞:
Of all methods, this is the most effective.
⑩ 在某些固定詞組裡,名詞前不用冠詞.
on foot by train/ boat / plane… in fact as a matter of fact
in class in church in danger in hospital in town
in bed at home at school at daybreak at sunrise
at dusk at sunset at night at noon go to school
go to class go to bed from morning till night from victory to victory
from door to door
五,注意事項
① 當man作人類講時,用零冠詞. Man will conquer nature.
② 某些抽象名詞具體化時是可數名詞,其前可加a.surprise, fire, joy,
He is a success as a teacher. Long Jing is a famous tea in China.
③ a用於姓氏前表示某個只知道名字而不不熟悉的人.
A Mr Liu is waiting to see you outside.
④ 在某些句型中可加a
It is a pity that you have missed the chance.
It is a shame / a pleasure / a honour for sb. to do sth.
⑤ word 作訊息講時,用零冠詞. Word came that he would go abroad.
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